Advances in two-dimensional organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites

Author(s): Fei Zhang ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ , Haipeng Lu ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ , Jinhui Tong ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ , Joseph J. Berry ⁵ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ , Matthew C. Beard ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ , Kai Zhu ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴

Publication date (Electronic): 2020

Journal: Energy & Environmental Science

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

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Abstract

Recent achievements of 2D perovskites for various optoelectronic applications along with their basic properties and future opportunities are discussed.

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) perovskites have attracted considerable interest for their promising applications for solar cells and other optoelectronics, such as light-emitting diodes, spintronics, and photodetectors. Here, we review the recent achievements of 2D perovskites for various optoelectronic applications. First, we discuss the basic structure and optoelectronic properties of 2D perovskites, including band structure, optical properties, and charge transport. We then highlight recent achievements using 2D perovskites in solar cells and beyond solar cells, including progress on various synthesis strategies and their impact on structural and optoelectronic properties. Finally, we discuss current challenges and future opportunities to further develop 2D perovskites for various applications.

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Quantum dot-induced phase stabilization of α-CsPbI3 perovskite for high-efficiency photovoltaics.

Abhishek Swarnkar, Ashley R Marshall, Erin M Sanehira … (2016)

We show nanoscale phase stabilization of CsPbI3 quantum dots (QDs) to low temperatures that can be used as the active component of efficient optoelectronic devices. CsPbI3 is an all-inorganic analog to the hybrid organic cation halide perovskites, but the cubic phase of bulk CsPbI3 (α-CsPbI3)-the variant with desirable band gap-is only stable at high temperatures. We describe the formation of α-CsPbI3 QD films that are phase-stable for months in ambient air. The films exhibit long-range electronic transport and were used to fabricate colloidal perovskite QD photovoltaic cells with an open-circuit voltage of 1.23 volts and efficiency of 10.77%. These devices also function as light-emitting diodes with low turn-on voltage and tunable emission.

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Efficient and stable large-area perovskite solar cells with inorganic charge extraction layers.

W Chen, Y. Wu, Y. Yue … (2015)

The recent dramatic rise in power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has triggered intense research worldwide. However, high PCE values have often been reached with poor stability at an illuminated area of typically less than 0.1 square centimeter. We used heavily doped inorganic charge extraction layers in planar PSCs to achieve very rapid carrier extraction, even with 10- to 20-nanometer-thick layers, avoiding pinholes and eliminating local structural defects over large areas. The robust inorganic nature of the layers allowed for the fabrication of PSCs with an aperture area >1 square centimeter that have a PCE >15%, as certified by an accredited photovoltaic calibration laboratory. Hysteresis in the current-voltage characteristics was eliminated; the PSCs were stable, with >90% of the initial PCE remaining after 1000 hours of light soaking.