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      LEVANTAMIENTO PLANIMÉTRICO Y ANÁLISIS LIQUENOMÉTRICO EN EL SITIO CAMPO DE CHENQUES, COSTA NORTE DE SANTA CRUZ (PATAGONIA ARGENTINA) Translated title: PLANIMETRIC SURVEYAND LICHENOMETRIC ANALYSISIN CAMPO DE CHENQUES SITE, NORTHERN COAST OF SANTA CRUZ (ARGENTINIAN PATAGONIA)

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          Abstract

          Se presentan los resultados de dos vías metodológicas desarrolladas en el sitio Campo de Chenques, las que resultan novedosas para la arqueología de cazadores recolectores que habitaron la Patagonia. El sitio se ubica en la costa atlántica de la provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina, y presenta una concentración de estructuras de entierro humanas de tipo chenque. Se realizó el levantamiento planimétrico de las estructuras de rocas que conforman el sitio a partir del uso de un GPS diferencial. Además, se desarrollaron estudios liquenométricos con el fin de obtener cronologías de las estructuras. Para ello se midieron líquenes del género Rhizocarpon subgénero Rhizocarpon que crecen sobre las rocas. A partir de estos estudios se realizó un plano georreferenciado del sitio, se determinó el número y morfología de las estructuras y se obtuvo por liquenometría una edad mínima para la construcción de las mismas de 770 años, aproximadamente, la que es concordante con las edades radiocarbónicas obtenidas para el sitio. De este modo, Campo de Chenques es el contexto arqueológico más antiguo de Patagonia en el que se han aplicado análisis liquenométricos hasta el momento. Los resultados se discuten en relación con la dinámica de ocupación del área por las poblaciones cazadoras recolectoras durante el Holoceno tardío.

          Translated abstract

          This paper presents the results obtained from theplanimetric survey and lichenometric analyses conducted for the first time in the hunter-gatherer archaeology of Patagonia. Campo de Chenques site is a concentration of chenque-type human burial structures located on the Atlantic coast of the province of Santa Cruz, Argentina. A planimetric survey of the structures that make up the site was performed using a differential GPS. In addition, lichenometric studies were undertaken in order to obtain minimum estimated ages for the structures. To this end, lichen genus Rhizocarpon (subgenus Rhizocarpon) that grow on the rocks were measured. Based on these studies, a georeferenced map of the site was made, the number and morphology of the structures were determined, and a minimum age of approximately 770 years for the chenque construction was obtained by lichenometry, which is consistent with radiocarbon ages obtained for the site. Thus, Campo de Chenques becomes the oldest archaeological context of Patagonia in which a lichenometric technique was applied for the first time. The results are discussed in relation to the dynamics of occupation of the area by hunter-gatherer populations during the late Holocene.

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          Stable nitrogen isotope ratios of bone collagen reflect marine and terrestrial components of prehistoric human diet.

          The delta 15N values of bone collagen from Eskimos and from Northwest Coast Indians dependent on salmon fishing are about 10 per mil more positive than those from agriculturalists in historic times. Among prehistoric humans, two groups dependent on marine food sources show bone collagen delta 15N values that are 4 to 6 per mil more positive than those from two agricultural groups. The nitrogen isotope ratios of bone collagen from prehistoric inhabitants of the Bahamas are anomalously low for reasons that relate to the biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen in coral reefs.
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            Recent and Planned Developments of the Program OxCal

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              Los límites del mar: Isótopos estables en Patagonia meridional

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                chungara
                Chungará (Arica)
                Chungará (Arica)
                Universidad de Tarapacá<br>Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas<br>; Departamento de Antropología (Arica, , Chile )
                0717-7356
                March 2017
                : 49
                : 1
                : 65-80
                Affiliations
                [03] La Plata orgnameUniversidad Nacional de La Plata orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo orgdiv2División Arqueología Argentina acastro52@ 123456gmail.com
                [01] La Plata orgnameUniversidad Nacional de La Plata orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo orgdiv2División Arqueología Argentina leandrozilio@ 123456yahoo.com.ar
                [02] La Plata orgnameUniversidad Nacional de La Plata orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo orgdiv2División Arqueología Argentina heidihammondunlp@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                S0717-73562017000100004
                10.4067/S0717-73562017005000007
                e9323738-4443-4159-8a81-4d3e4f656c63

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : March 2016
                : October 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 40, Pages: 16
                Product

                SciELO Chile


                levantamiento planimétrico,liquenometría,GPS diferencial,Chenques,Patagonia,Planimetric survey,lichenometry,differential GPS

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