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      Nanoparticle systems for cancer vaccine

      Author(s): 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5
      Publication date Created:
      Publication date (Print):
      Journal: Nanomedicine
      Publisher: Future Medicine Ltd

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          Abstract

          As effective tools for public health, vaccines prevent disease by priming the body's adaptive and innate immune responses against an infection. Due to advances in understanding cancers and their relationship with the immune system, there is a growing interest in priming host immune defenses for a targeted and complete antitumor response. Nanoparticle systems have shown to be promising tools for effective antigen delivery as vaccines and/or for potentiating immune response as adjuvants. Here, we highlight relevant physiological processes involved in vaccine delivery, review recent advances in the use of nanoparticle systems for vaccines and discuss pertinent challenges to viably translate nanoparticle-based vaccines and adjuvants for public use.

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          Cancer statistics, 2016.

          Rebecca L Siegel, Kimberly D Miller, Ahmedin Jemal (2016)
          Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths that will occur in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival. Incidence data were collected by the National Cancer Institute (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results [SEER] Program), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (National Program of Cancer Registries), and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Mortality data were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2016, 1,685,210 new cancer cases and 595,690 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States. Overall cancer incidence trends (13 oldest SEER registries) are stable in women, but declining by 3.1% per year in men (from 2009-2012), much of which is because of recent rapid declines in prostate cancer diagnoses. The cancer death rate has dropped by 23% since 1991, translating to more than 1.7 million deaths averted through 2012. Despite this progress, death rates are increasing for cancers of the liver, pancreas, and uterine corpus, and cancer is now the leading cause of death in 21 states, primarily due to exceptionally large reductions in death from heart disease. Among children and adolescents (aged birth-19 years), brain cancer has surpassed leukemia as the leading cause of cancer death because of the dramatic therapeutic advances against leukemia. Accelerating progress against cancer requires both increased national investment in cancer research and the application of existing cancer control knowledge across all segments of the population.
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            Analysis of nanoparticle delivery to tumours

            Stefan Wilhelm, Anthony Tavares, Huan-Qin Dai … (2016)
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              Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) as Biodegradable Controlled Drug Delivery Carrier.

              Hirenkumar Makadia, Steven J. Siegel (2011)
              In past two decades poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) has been among the most attractive polymeric candidates used to fabricate devices for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. PLGA is biocompatible and biodegradable, exhibits a wide range of erosion times, has tunable mechanical properties and most importantly, is a FDA approved polymer. In particular, PLGA has been extensively studied for the development of devices for controlled delivery of small molecule drugs, proteins and other macromolecules in commercial use and in research. This manuscript describes the various fabrication techniques for these devices and the factors affecting their degradation and drug release.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: Nanomedicine
                Abbreviated Title: Nanomedicine
                Publisher: Future Medicine Ltd
                ISSN (Print): 1743-5889
                ISSN (Electronic): 1748-6963
                Publication date Created: March 2019
                Publication date (Print): March 2019
                Volume: 14
                Issue: 5
                Pages: 627-648
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
                [2 ]Department of Molecular & Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
                [3 ]Department of Molecular & Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
                [4 ]Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
                [5 ]Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad, 54000, Pakistan
                Article
                DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0147
                PMC ID: 6439506
                PubMed ID: 30806568
                SO-VID: e8231d97-5480-4b8f-8e4d-f062ea5b81ef
                Copyright © © 2019
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