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      Rhinocerebral mucormycosis to the rise? The impact of the worldwide diabetes epidemic ☆☆

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          Abstract

          The authors present seven cases of rhinocerebral mucormycosis associated to diabetes mellitus, which is a disease with epidemic proportions affecting individuals worldwide, particularly in developing countries, and which poses significant morbidity and mortality. Mucormycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection with high mortality and requires an invasive therapeutic approach to save the patient’s life with significant morbidity and sequelae, thus prevention is crucial.

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          Most cited references8

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          Obesity, risk of diabetes and role of physical activity, exercise training and cardiorespiratory fitness

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            Identification of Mucorales in patients with proven invasive mucormycosis by polymerase chain reaction in tissue samples.

            Accurate diagnosis of mucormycosis, a life-threatening fungal infection, remains a challenge for physicians.
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              Rhinocerebral Mucormycosis: Report of a Rare Case

              Background Mucormycosis is one of the rapidly progressing and lethal form of fungal infection which involves the nose and paranasal sinuses of the head and the neck regions. Mucormycosis also remains a threat to patients with uncontrolled diabetes or other predisposing systemic conditions. It manifests as rhinocerebral, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, cutaneous or disseminated form. The underlying conditions can influence clinical presentation and often delay diagnosis, with resultant poor outcomes. Case Details We report a case of rhinocerebral mucormycosis in a 75 year-old diabetic patient with emphasise on diagnosis, treatment and survival options of patient from this potentially fatal fungal infection. Extra oral examination revealed mild non-tender swelling on the face, unable to see from left eye, impaired sense of smell, difficulty in speech and nasal stuffiness. Intra-oral examination showed necrosis of mucosa and underlying bone in relation to canine to the tuberosity area of the left vestibular region of the maxilla. Conclusion Timely diagnosis is critical to survival and minimization of morbidity. Institution of surgical and medical therapy is critical in maximizing the likelihood of good outcome.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                An Bras Dermatol
                An Bras Dermatol
                Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia
                Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia
                0365-0596
                1806-4841
                23 January 2021
                Mar-Apr 2021
                23 January 2021
                : 96
                : 2
                : 196-199
                Affiliations
                [a ]Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Ixtapaluca, México
                [b ]General Hospital Dr. Manuel Gea González Calzada de Tlalpan, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, México
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author. gmorenocoutino@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                S0365-0596(21)00002-7
                10.1016/j.abd.2020.06.008
                8007488
                33531184
                e7b833a8-2d01-4207-9354-63774548c825
                © 2021 Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U.

                This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 14 January 2019
                : 3 June 2020
                Categories
                Case Report

                diabetes mellitus,epidemics,mucormycosis,opportunistic infections

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