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      Prevalence of gingival recession after orthodontic treatment of infraversion and open bite Translated title: Prävalenz von Gingivarezessionen nach kieferorthopädischer Behandlung von Infraposition und offenem Biss

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          Abstract

          Purpose

          Aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of gingival recession and related factors in teeth with low occlusal function (open bite and infraversion) after orthodontic treatment.

          Methods

          From January 2014 to December 2017, 403 patients received orthodontic treatment. Their gingival recession and related factors before and after treatment were retrospectively analyzed.

          Results

          The prevalence of gingival recession in patients with infraversion and open bite after orthodontic treatment were 80.6 and 75.0%, respectively; these values were 43.4 and 47.5% before treatment, respectively. Notably, the Miller index of gingival recession increased after orthodontic treatment ( P < 0.05). The risk of gingival recession in patients with infraversion or open bite after orthodontic treatment was remarkably higher than the risk in other patients (odds ratio [OR] = 16.712 and 5.073, respectively); the gingival recession rate was related to treatment with tooth extraction (OR = 2.043), as well as gingival biotype (OR = 0.341) and gingival index (GI) before orthodontic treatment (OR = 97.404; P < 0.05).

          Conclusions

          Patients with these two types of low occlusal function are more likely to exhibit gingival recession after orthodontic treatment. Moreover, the prevalence of gingival recession after orthodontic treatment is higher among patients who have undergone tooth extraction during orthodontic treatment, and among those who exhibit thin gingival biotype and high gingival index before orthodontic treatment.

          Zusammenfassung

          Ziel

          Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Untersuchung der Prävalenz von Gingivarezessionen und verwandter Faktoren bei Zähnen mit geringer okklusaler Funktion (offener Biss und Infraposition) nach kieferorthopädischer Behandlung.

          Methoden

          Von Januar 2014 bis Dezember 2017 wurden 403 Patienten kieferorthopädisch behandelt. Gingivale Rezessionen und damit verbundene Faktoren wurden vor und nach der Behandlung retrospektiv analysiert.

          Ergebnisse

          Die Prävalenz der Gingivarezession bei Patienten mit Infraposition und offenem Biss nach kieferorthopädischer Behandlung lag bei 80,6 bzw. 75,0 %; die entsprechenden Werte vor der Behandlung betrugen 43,4 bzw. 47,5 %. Insbesondere der Miller-Index der Gingivarezession stieg nach kieferorthopädischer Behandlung ( p < 0,05). Das Risiko einer Gingivarezession war bei Patienten mit Infraposition oder offenem Biss nach kieferorthopädischer Behandlung deutlich höher als bei anderen Patienten (OR [Odds Ratio] 16,712 bzw. 5,073). Die Gingivarezessionsrate war assoziiert mit Zahnextraktion (OR 2,043), dem Gingivabiotyp (OR 0,341) und dem Gingivaindex (GI) vor kieferorthopädischer Behandlung (OR 97,404, p < 0,05).

          Schlussfolgerungen

          Patienten mit offenem Biss und Zähnen in Infraposition zeigen nach einer kieferorthopädischen Behandlung eher Gingivarezessionen. Außerdem ist die Prävalenz der Gingivarezession nach kieferorthopädischer Behandlung höher bei Patienten, die sich während der kieferorthopädischen Behandlung einer Zahnextraktion unterzogen haben, und bei Patienten, die einen dünnen Gingivabiotyp und einen hohen Gingivaindex vor der kieferorthopädischen Behandlung aufwiesen.

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          Most cited references21

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          Tissue biotype and its relation to the underlying bone morphology.

          Tissue biotypes have been linked to the outcomes of periodontal and implant therapy. The purpose of this study is to determine the dimensions of the gingiva and underlying alveolar bone in the maxillary anterior region and to establish their association. Tissue biotypes of 22 fresh cadaver heads were assessed clinically and radiographically with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. Maxillary anterior teeth were atraumatically extracted. The thickness of both soft tissue and bone were measured using a caliper to the nearest 0.1 mm by two calibrated examiners. Probing depths and gingival recession were measured at two points (mid-labial and mid-palatal). Clinical and CBCT measurements of both soft tissue and bone thickness were subsequently compared and correlated. No statistically significant differences were observed between the clinical and CBCT measurements of both soft tissue and bone thickness except the palatal soft tissue measurements. The labial gingival thickness was moderately associated with the underlying bone thickness measured with CBCT (R = 0.429; P <0.05). Gingival recession was not associated with the thickness of both labial gingiva and bone. CBCT measurements were an accurate representation of the clinical thickness of both labial gingiva and bone. In addition, the thickness of the labial gingiva had a moderate association with the underlying bone radiographically.
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            Compressive force induces VEGF production in periodontal tissues.

            During orthodontic tooth movement, the activation of the vascular system in the compressed periodontal ligament (PDL) is an indispensable process in tissue remodeling. We hypothesized that compressive force would induce angiogenesis of PDL through the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We examined the localization of VEGF in rat periodontal tissues during experimental tooth movement in vivo, and the effects of continuous compressive force on VEGF production and angiogenic activity in human PDL cells in vitro. PDL cells adjacent to hyalinized tissue and alveolar bone on the compressive side showed marked VEGF immunoreactivity. VEGF mRNA expression and production in PDL cells increased, and conditioned medium stimulated tube formation. These results indicate that continuous compressive force enhances VEGF production and angiogenic activity in PDL cells, which may contribute to periodontal remodeling, including angiogenesis, during orthodontic tooth movement.
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              • Article: not found

              Prevalence of gingival recession after orthodontic tooth movements.

              This study was designed to evaluate the long-term prevalence of gingival recession after orthodontic tooth movements, focusing on the effects of mandibular incisor proclination and expansion of maxillary posterior teeth.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                docqunfan@163.com
                2227078506@qq.com
                Journal
                J Orofac Orthop
                J Orofac Orthop
                Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics
                Springer Medizin (Heidelberg )
                1434-5293
                1615-6714
                21 September 2018
                21 September 2018
                2019
                : 80
                : 1
                : 1-8
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Orthodontics, The Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan, No. 176 Qingnian Road, 650021 Kunming, Yunnan China
                [2 ]Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical Collage, 650031 Kunming, Yunnan China
                Article
                159
                10.1007/s00056-018-0159-8
                6334723
                30242441
                e76f3aac-3f0e-476e-ab35-9808b2dc31c5
                © The Author(s) 2018

                Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

                History
                : 2 March 2018
                : 20 August 2018
                Categories
                Original Article
                Custom metadata
                © Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2019

                Orthopedics
                open bite,infraversion,occlusion,periodontal tissue,gingival recession,offener biss,infraposition,okklusion,parodontium,gingivarezession

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