Pharyngoesophageal diverticulum mimicking thyroid nodules: Some interesting ultrasonographic signs

Pharyngeal pouches occur most commonly in elderly patients (over 70 years) and typical symptoms include dysphagia, regurgitation, chronic cough, aspiration, and weight loss. The aetiology remains unknown but theories centre upon a structural or physiological abnormality of the cricopharyngeus. A diagnosis is easily established on barium studies. Treatment is surgical via an endoscopic or external cervical approach and should include a cricopharyngeal myotomy. Unfortunately pharyngeal pouch surgery has long been associated with significant morbidity, partly due to the surgery itself and also to the fact that the majority of patients are elderly and often have general medical problems. External approaches are associated with higher complication rates than endoscopic procedures. Recently, treatment by endoscopic stapling diverticulotomy has becoming increasingly popular as it has distinct advantages, although long term results are not yet available. The small risk of developing carcinoma within a pouch that is not excised remains a contentious issue and is an argument for long term follow up or treating the condition by external excision, particularly in younger patients. Show more

To examine the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and management of Killian-Jamieson diverticula (KJD) through literature review.

With the development of minimally invasive endoscopic approaches for the esophagus in recent years, peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) in the treatment of esophageal diverticulum has been described recently in some reports due to its successful outcomes. The aim of this study is to report our experience with the use of diverticular POEM (D-POEM) technique in the management of esophageal diverticulum. Show more