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      Targeting MFAP5 in cancer-associated fibroblasts sensitizes pancreatic cancer to PD-L1-based immunochemotherapy via remodeling the matrix

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          Abstract

          Highly desmoplastic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) contributes to tumor progression and resistance to current therapies. Clues targeting the notorious stromal environment have offered hope for improving therapeutic response whereas the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we find that prognostic microfibril associated protein 5 (MFAP5) is involved in activation of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Inhibition of MFAP5 highCAFs shows synergistic effect with gemcitabine-based chemotherapy and PD-L1-based immunotherapy. Mechanistically, MFAP5 deficiency in CAFs downregulates HAS2 and CXCL10 via MFAP5/RCN2/ERK/STAT1 axis, leading to angiogenesis, hyaluronic acid (HA) and collagens deposition reduction, cytotoxic T cells infiltration, and tumor cells apoptosis. Additionally, in vivo blockade of CXCL10 with AMG487 could partially reverse the pro-tumor effect from MFAP5 overexpression in CAFs and synergize with anti-PD-L1 antibody to enhance the immunotherapeutic effect. Therefore, targeting MFAP5 highCAFs might be a potential adjuvant therapy to enhance the immunochemotherapy effect in PDAC via remodeling the desmoplastic and immunosuppressive microenvironment.

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          Cancer Statistics, 2021

          Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths in the United States and compiles the most recent data on population-based cancer occurrence. Incidence data (through 2017) were collected by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program; the National Program of Cancer Registries; and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Mortality data (through 2018) were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2021, 1,898,160 new cancer cases and 608,570 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States. After increasing for most of the 20th century, the cancer death rate has fallen continuously from its peak in 1991 through 2018, for a total decline of 31%, because of reductions in smoking and improvements in early detection and treatment. This translates to 3.2 million fewer cancer deaths than would have occurred if peak rates had persisted. Long-term declines in mortality for the 4 leading cancers have halted for prostate cancer and slowed for breast and colorectal cancers, but accelerated for lung cancer, which accounted for almost one-half of the total mortality decline from 2014 to 2018. The pace of the annual decline in lung cancer mortality doubled from 3.1% during 2009 through 2013 to 5.5% during 2014 through 2018 in men, from 1.8% to 4.4% in women, and from 2.4% to 5% overall. This trend coincides with steady declines in incidence (2.2%-2.3%) but rapid gains in survival specifically for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). For example, NSCLC 2-year relative survival increased from 34% for persons diagnosed during 2009 through 2010 to 42% during 2015 through 2016, including absolute increases of 5% to 6% for every stage of diagnosis; survival for small cell lung cancer remained at 14% to 15%. Improved treatment accelerated progress against lung cancer and drove a record drop in overall cancer mortality, despite slowing momentum for other common cancers.
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            Hallmarks of Cancer: New Dimensions

            The hallmarks of cancer conceptualization is a heuristic tool for distilling the vast complexity of cancer phenotypes and genotypes into a provisional set of underlying principles. As knowledge of cancer mechanisms has progressed, other facets of the disease have emerged as potential refinements. Herein, the prospect is raised that phenotypic plasticity and disrupted differentiation is a discrete hallmark capability, and that nonmutational epigenetic reprogramming and polymorphic microbiomes both constitute distinctive enabling characteristics that facilitate the acquisition of hallmark capabilities. Additionally, senescent cells, of varying origins, may be added to the roster of functionally important cell types in the tumor microenvironment. SIGNIFICANCE: Cancer is daunting in the breadth and scope of its diversity, spanning genetics, cell and tissue biology, pathology, and response to therapy. Ever more powerful experimental and computational tools and technologies are providing an avalanche of "big data" about the myriad manifestations of the diseases that cancer encompasses. The integrative concept embodied in the hallmarks of cancer is helping to distill this complexity into an increasingly logical science, and the provisional new dimensions presented in this perspective may add value to that endeavor, to more fully understand mechanisms of cancer development and malignant progression, and apply that knowledge to cancer medicine.
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              Elements of cancer immunity and the cancer–immune set point

              Immunotherapy is proving to be an effective therapeutic approach in a variety of cancers. But despite the clinical success of antibodies against the immune regulators CTLA4 and PD-L1/PD-1, only a subset of people exhibit durable responses, suggesting that a broader view of cancer immunity is
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                liangtingbo@zju.edu.cn
                shirleybai@zju.edu.cn
                Journal
                Oncogene
                Oncogene
                Oncogene
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                0950-9232
                1476-5594
                8 May 2023
                8 May 2023
                2023
                : 42
                : 25
                : 2061-2073
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.13402.34, ISNI 0000 0004 1759 700X, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, , Zhejiang University, ; Hangzhou, 310000 Zhejiang China
                [2 ]GRID grid.13402.34, ISNI 0000 0004 1759 700X, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, , Zhejiang University, ; Hangzhou, 310000 Zhejiang China
                [3 ]GRID grid.13402.34, ISNI 0000 0004 1759 700X, Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center for The Study of Pancreatic Diseases, , Zhejiang University, ; Hangzhou, 310000 Zhejiang China
                [4 ]GRID grid.13402.34, ISNI 0000 0004 1759 700X, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for The Study of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases, , Zhejiang University, ; Hangzhou, 310000 China
                [5 ]GRID grid.13402.34, ISNI 0000 0004 1759 700X, Cancer Center, , Zhejiang University, ; Hangzhou, 310000 China
                [6 ]GRID grid.510538.a, ISNI 0000 0004 8156 0818, Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, ; Hangzhou, 310000 Zhejiang China
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2934-0880
                Article
                2711
                10.1038/s41388-023-02711-9
                10275759
                37156839
                e5eee82b-8166-4420-bbbd-0d157dec3bc7
                © The Author(s) 2023

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 25 November 2022
                : 20 April 2023
                : 24 April 2023
                Funding
                Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of China:81871925 and 82071867, the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province:2020C03117, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Zhejiang Provincial Universities: 2021XZZX031
                Funded by: National Key Research and Development Program grant:2019YFC1316000, National Natural Science Foundation of China:U20A20378 and 81830089, the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province:019C03019, the Major Scientific Project of Zhejiang Lab:2020ND8AD01
                Categories
                Article
                Custom metadata
                © Springer Nature Limited 2023

                Oncology & Radiotherapy
                cancer microenvironment,tumour immunology,acetylation
                Oncology & Radiotherapy
                cancer microenvironment, tumour immunology, acetylation

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