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      Manifestaciones orales del síndrome de Maroteaux-Lamy (Mucopolisacaridosis VI) Translated title: Oral manifestations of Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome (Mucopolysaccharidosis VI)

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          RESUMEN

          La mucopolisacaridosis tipo VI, también conocida como síndrome de Maroteaux-Lamy, es un trastorno lisosómico autosómico recesivo, causado por la deficiencia de la enzima arilsulfatasa B, lo que conduce a la acumulación de dermatán sulfato en los tejidos y su excreción urinaria. La deposición de mucopolisacáridos genera un trastorno progresivo que afecta a múltiples órganos y que, a menudo, resulta en la muerte a temprana edad. Esta enfermedad tiene varias manifestaciones orales, entre las que destacan las complicaciones dentales, que pueden ser graves e incluir folículos similares a quistes dentígeros, maloclusiones, defectos condilares e hiperplasia gingival, además de características clínicas como cuello corto, opacidad corneal, macroglosia y agrandamiento del cráneo, dimensión anteroposterior larga y mano en garra. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 14 meses de edad que acudió a consulta de odontopediatría por episodios de fiebre, bajo peso e hiperplasia gingival severa. El examen físico evidenció facies tosca, cuello corto, pectus excavatus, manos con disminución en agarre y retardo en el neurodesarrollo. El examen intraoral halló retardo de la erupción dental, hiperplasia gingival generalizada y paladar con poco crecimiento transversal. El examen radiográfico detectó órganos dentarios incluidos y mala posición en el sector anterior, molares superiores dentro del seno maxilar y caninos inferiores rotados. El paciente fue remitido a medicina para exámenes bioquímicos y genéticos para definir el diagnóstico. La bioquímica reveló MPS tipo VI, lo que fue confirmado mediante prueba molecular. Las manifestaciones clínicas en este caso corresponden a la forma clínica de progresión rápida reportada en estos pacientes: talla baja, malformaciones esqueléticas y alteraciones a nivel oral. Los niños con MPS VI grave comienzan temprano y progresan rápidamente, las radiografías óseas y la medición de GAG en orina son útiles para el diagnóstico con actividad de la enzima ARSB y genética. Es necesario fortalecer el conocimiento en odontología y la población en general sobre las características clínicas de mucopolisacáridos tipo VI para tener un diagnóstico temprano y un mejor manejo de patologías en estos pacientes.

          ABSTRACT

          Mucopolysaccharidosis type VI, also known as Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome, is an autosomal recessive lysosomal disorder, due to the deficiency of the enzyme arylsulfatase B that leads to the accumulation of dermatan sulfate in the tissues and its urinary excretion. Mucopolysaccharide deposition leads to a progressive disorder affecting multiple organs that often results in death at a young age. This disease has several oral manifestations, among which dental complications can be serious and include follicles similar to dentigerous cysts, malocclusions, condylar defects and gingival hyperplasia, in addition to a short neck, corneal opacity, macroglossia, skull enlargement, anteroposterior dimension long, claw hand is some of the clinical features. A case of a 14-month-old patient is presented, who attended a pediatric dentistry consultation for episodes of fever, low weight, severe gingival hyperplasia. Physical examination revealed coarse facies, short neck, pectus excavatus, hands with decreased grip, and neurodevelopmental delay. On intraoral examination, dental eruption delayed, generalized gingival hyperplasia, palate with little transverse growth. On radiographic examination, dental organs included and poor position in the anterior sector, upper molars within the maxillary sinus, rotated lower canines. He is referred to medicine for biochemical tests and genetics for diagnosis. Detailed biochemistry MPS type VI, confirmed by molecular testing. The clinical manifestations in this case correspond to the clinical form of rapid progression reported in these patients. They report: short stature, skeletal malformations and alterations at the oral level. Children with severe MPS VI start early and progress rapidly, bone radiographs and urine GAG measurement are helpful for diagnosis with genetic and ARSB enzyme activity. It is necessary to strengthen the knowledge in dentistry and the general population about the clinical characteristics of type VI mucopolysaccharides in order to have an early diagnosis and management of pathologies in these patients.

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          Cumulative incidence rates of the mucopolysaccharidoses in Germany.

          In order to estimate the cumulative incidence rates of the mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) in Germany, a retrospective epidemiological survey covering the period between 1980 and 1995 was implemented. Multiple ascertainment sources were used to identify affected patients. A prevalence of approximately 0.69 cases per 100,000 births was obtained for MPS I (Hurler phenotype). Within the study period, 4 patients with Hurler/Scheie phenotype and 7 cases with Scheie disease were detected. The cumulative incidence for MPS II (Hunter syndrome) was estimated as 0.64 cases per 100,000 births (1.3 cases per 100,000 male live births); that for MPS III (Sanfilippo syndrome types A, B and C) as 1.57 cases in 100,000 births; that for MPS IV A (Morquio syndrome) as 0.38 cases in 100,000; and that for MPS VI (Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome) as 0.23 cases per 100,000 births. Two cases of MPS IVB (beta-galactosidase deficiency) have been identified, but no patients with MPS VII or MPS IX. A relatively high number of patients with MPS IIIB, MPS IVA and MPS VI were of Turkish origin. The crude rate for all types of mucopolysaccharidoses is approximately 3.53 cases in 100,000 live births. The cumulative incidence pattern of MPS in Germany was compared with the corresponding rates among other industrial nations obtained from recent literature: the crude cumulative rates for all types of mucopolysaccharidoses (3.4-4.5 in 100,000 live births) were similar among all published populations; however, different frequencies of the various forms of MPS were observed.
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            Incidence of the mucopolysaccharidoses in Taiwan, 1984-2004.

            Previous studies on the incidence of the various types of mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) in different populations have shown considerable variation. However, information regarding the incidence of MPS in the Asian population is lacking. An epidemiological study of the MPS disorders in Taiwan using multiple ascertainment sources was undertaken, and incidences of different types of MPS during the period of 1984-2004 were estimated. We compared our data with previous reports in different populations. The combined birth incidence for all MPS cases was 2.04 per 100,000 live births. MPS II (Hunter syndrome) had the highest calculated birth incidence of 1.07 per 100,000 live births (2.05 per 100,000 male live births), comprising 52% of all MPS cases diagnosed. The birth incidences of MPS I (Hurler syndrome), III (Sanfilippo syndrome), IV (Morquio syndrome), and VI (Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome) were 0.11, 0.39, 0.33, and 0.14 per 100,000 live births, respectively, which accounted for 6%, 19%, 16%, and 7% of all MPS, respectively. No cases of MPS III D (Sanfilippo syndrome type D), MPS IV B (Morquio syndrome type B), MPS VII (Sly syndrome) or MPS IX were ascertained during the study period. Overall incidence of MPS in Taiwan was consistent with that reported in Western populations. However, in contrast to the higher incidence of MPS I in most Western populations, this study showed a higher incidence of MPS II in Taiwan. It remains to be investigated whether this discrepancy is attributed to the under-diagnosis of MPS I in Taiwan or to ethnic differences.
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              Incidence of the mucopolysaccharidoses in Western Australia.

              An epidemiological study of the mucopolysaccharidoses in Western Australia (WA) using multiple ascertainment sources was carried out and the incidence rate for the period 1969-1996 was estimated. An incidence of approximately 1 in 107,000 live births was obtained for MPS IH (Hurler phenotype); 1 in 320,000 live births (1 in 165,000 male live births) for MPS II (Hunter Syndrome); 1 in 58,000 for MPS III (Sanfilippo Syndrome); 1 in 640,000 for MPS IVA (Morquio Syndrome type A), and 1 in 320,000 for MPS VI (Maroteaux-Lamy Syndrome). The overall incidence for all types of mucopolysaccharidosis was approximately 1 in 29,000 live births. A comparison is made with incidence estimates obtained from other published studies. Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role:
                Role:
                Journal
                Rev Cient Odontol (Lima)
                Rev Cient Odontol (Lima)
                odontologica
                Revista Científica Odontológica
                Universidad Científica del Sur
                2310-2594
                2523-2754
                11 March 2021
                Jan-Mar 2021
                : 9
                : 1
                : e051
                Affiliations
                [1 ] original Grupo de Investigación PROMOUC, Programa de Odontología, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad del Sinú Seccional Cartagena. Cartagena, Colombia. scacerem09@gmail.com normalizedUniversidad del Sinú orgdiv2Grupo de Investigación PROMOUC, Programa de Odontología orgdiv1Facultad Ciencias de la Salud orgnameUniversidad del Sinú Seccional Cartagena Cartagena, Colombia scacerem09@ 123456gmail.com
                [2 ] original Grupo de Investigación PROMOUC, Posgrado de Odontopediatría y Ortopedia Maxilar, Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cartagena. Cartagena, Colombia. lcarmonaa@unicartagena.edu.co normalizedUniversidad de Cartagena orgdiv2Grupo de Investigación PROMOUC, Posgrado de Odontopediatría y Ortopedia Maxilar orgnameFacultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cartagena Cartagena, Colombia lcarmonaa@ 123456unicartagena.edu.co
                Author notes
                *Autor corresponsal: Sandra Viviana Cáceres Matta. scacerem09@ 123456gmail.com

                Contribución de los autores: Sandra Viviana Cáceres Matta realizó los procedimientos clínicos del caso y redactó el manuscrito. Luis Eduardo Carmona Arango asesoró los procedimientos clínicos y aprobó y editó la versión final del manuscrito

                Potenciales conflictos de interés: Los autores declaran que no existe conflicto de intereses

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8277-607X
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0659-8328
                Article
                10.21142/2523-2754-0901-2021-051
                10919817
                e5cb37db-984e-42bd-9c84-9b1f43d9c647

                Este es un artículo publicado en acceso abierto bajo una licencia Creative Commons

                History
                : 12 November 2020
                : 12 March 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 5, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 13, Pages: 0
                Categories
                Reporte De Caso

                mucopolisacáridos,arilsulfatasa,dermatán sulfato,hiperplasia gingival,mucopolysaccharides,arylsulfatase,dermatan sulfate,gingival hiperplasia

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