Effect of orégano oil supplementation in diets formed using either crude soybean oil or acidulated soybean oil soapstock as source of energy on the growth performance parameters of broilers

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Abstract

The type of oil used in the broiler diet is mainly based on its price; in the case of soybean oil (CSO), acidulated soybean oil soapstock (ASS) is cheaper. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of oregano oil dietary supplementation when the diet contains either CSO or ASS as source of energy. 320 broilers Ross 308 were assigned to four groups: (1) CSO containing diet without oregano supplementation, (2) ASS containing diet without oregano supplementation, (3) CSO containing diet with oregano supplementation (100 mg/kg), and (4) ASS containing diet with oregano supplementation (100 mg/kg). The growth performance parameters were weekly recorded during the experiment. Data were analysed with a completely randomised design with 2 X 2 factorial arrangement and the mortality rates were adjusted using the arc-sine transformation to fulfill the analysis requirements. The results showed no effect of oregano oil (containing 30.7 and 9.7 % of thymol and carvacrol, respectively) on feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion rate. A significant interaction of energy source by oregano oil supplementation was found in mortality rates (P < 0.05); mortality was higher when the diet did not contain oregano oil and was formed using ASS. It can be concluded that the addition of 100 mg of oregano oil per kg of feed did not have a positive effect on the growth performance parameters of broilers when the diet contained either crude soybean oil or acidulated soybean oil soapstock as sources of energy.

Translated abstract

El tipo de aceite utilizado en la alimentación de los pollos de engorda se basa principalmente en su precio; en el caso del aceite de soya crudo (CSO) el aceite acidificado de soya (ASS) es más económico. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto del aceite de orégano adicionado en la dieta cuando contiene CSO o ASS como fuente de energía. 320 pollos de engorda Ross fueron asignados a cuatro grupos: (1) CSO dieta sin adición de aceite de orégano, (2) ASS dieta sin adición de aceite de orégano, (3) CSO dieta adicionada con aceite de orégano (100 mg/kg), y (4) ASS dieta adicionada con aceite de orégano (100 mg/kg). Se registraron los parámetros de rendimiento productivo y los datos fueron analizados con un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial 2 X 2 y los índices de mortalidad fueron ajustados utilizando la transformación arco-seno para cumpliar las bases para su análisis. Los resultados no mostraron efecto del aceite de orégano (su contenido 30,7% y 9,7% de timol y carvacrol, respectivamente) en consumo de alimento, ganancia de peso e índice de conversión alimenticia. Hubo interacción significativa del recurso de energía y la adición del aceite de orégano a la dieta en los índices de mortalidad (P < 0,05); la mortalidad fue mayor cuando la dieta no contenía aceite de orégano y fue elaborada con ASS. Se concluye que la adición de 100 mg de aceite de orégano por kg de alimento no tuvo un efecto positivo sobre los parámetros de rendimiento productivo de los pollos de engorda cuando la dieta es formulada con aceite de soya crudo o aceite acidificado de soya como fuente de energía.

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Dietary oregano essential oil alleviates experimentally induced coccidiosis in broilers.

M Mohiti-Asli, M Ghanaatparast-Rashti (2015)

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of oregano essential oil on growth performance and coccidiosis prevention in mild challenged broilers. A total of 250 1-d-old chicks were used in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 replicates with 10 birds in each replication. Experimental treatments included: (1) negative control (NC; unchallenged), (2) positive control (PC; challenged with sporulated oocysts of Eimeria), (3) PC fed 200 ppm Diclazuril in diet, (4) PC fed 300 ppm oregano oil in diet, and (5) PC fed 500 ppm oregano oil in diet. At 22 d of age, all the experimental groups except for NC were challenged with 50-fold dose of Livacox T as a trivalent live attenuated coccidiosis vaccine. On d 28, two birds were slaughtered and intestinal coccidiosis lesions were scored 0-4. Moreover, dropping was scored in the scale of 0-3, and oocysts per gram feces (OPG) were measured. Oregano oil at either supplementation rate increased body weight gain (P=0.039) and improved feed conversion ratio (P=0.010) from d 22 to 28, when compared with PC group. Using 500 ppm oregano oil in challenged broilers diet increased European efficiency factor than PC group (P=0.020). Moreover, challenged broilers fed 500 ppm oregano oil or Diclazuril in diets displayed lower coccidiosis lesions scores in upper (P=0.003) and middle (P=0.018) regions of intestine than PC group, with the effect being similar to unchallenged birds. In general, challenged birds fed 500 ppm oregano oil or Diclazuril in diets had lower OPG (P=0.001), dropping scores (P=0.001), litter scores (P=0.001), and pH of litter (P=0.001) than PC group. It could be concluded that supplementation of oregano oil at the dose of 500 ppm in diet may have beneficial effect on prevention of coccidiosis in broilers.