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      Psychosocial challenges and health-related quality of life of adolescents and young adults with hematologic malignancies

      1 , 2 , 3 , 1 , 4
      Blood
      American Society of Hematology

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          Abstract

          Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) occupy a unique place within the hematologic malignancy community due to the challenges they face related to their disease biology and physical, psychosocial, and economic circumstances, as well as issues related to access to care and long-term follow-up. Efforts to define age-specific (supportive) care needs and targets for intervention in these areas are evolving. This review discusses the psychosocial issues AYAs with hematologic malignancies are dealing with, how these might affect their health-related quality of life, and the challenges in delivering high-quality supportive care to this underserved population.

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          Most cited references102

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          Are survivors who report cancer-related financial problems more likely to forgo or delay medical care?

          Financial problems caused by cancer and its treatment can substantially affect survivors and their families and create barriers to seeking health care.
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            Psychological, social, and behavioral issues for young adults with cancer.

            Theories of human development suggest that, although all cancer patients experience a common set of life disruptions, they experience them differently, focus on different issues, and attach different levels of importance to different aspects of the experience depending on the time in life at which they were diagnosed. During the critical developmental transition from childhood to adulthood, older adolescents and young adults in particular have typical concerns with establishing identity, developing a positive body image and sexual identity, separating from parents, increasing involvement with peers and dating, and beginning to make decisions about careers or employment, higher education, and/or family. Accordingly, cancer-related issues such as premature confrontation with mortality, changes in physical appearance, increased dependence on parents, disruptions in social life and school/employment because of treatment, loss of reproductive capacity, and health-related concerns about the future may be particularly distressing for adolescents and young adults. Psychosocial and behavioral interventions for young adult cancer patients and survivors often involve assisting these individuals in retaining or returning to function in significant social roles, such as spouse, parent, student, worker, or friend. Successful interventions will enable these young people to overcome the detrimental impact of a health crisis and strengthen the internal and external coping resources available to them.
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              Bleomycin-induced pneumonitis.

              The cytotoxic agent bleomycin is feared for its induction of sometimes fatal pulmonary toxicity, also known as bleomycin-induced pneumonitis (BIP). The central event in the development of BIP is endothelial damage of the lung vasculature due to bleomycin-induced cytokines and free radicals. Ultimately, BIP can progress in lung fibrosis. The diagnosis is established by a combination of clinical symptoms, radiographic alterations, and pulmonary function test results, while other disorders resembling BIP have to be excluded. Pulmonary function assessments most suitable for detecting BIP are those reflecting lung volumes. The widely used transfer capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide appeared recently not to be specific when bleomycin is used in a polychemotherapeutic regimen. There are no proven effective treatments for BIP in humans, although corticosteroids are widely applied. When patients survive BIP, they almost always recover completely with normalization of radiographic and pulmonary function abnormalities. This review focuses on BIP, especially on the pathogenesis, risk factors, and its detection.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Blood
                American Society of Hematology
                0006-4971
                1528-0020
                July 26 2018
                July 26 2018
                : 132
                : 4
                : 385-392
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom;
                [2 ]Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
                [3 ]The Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Utrecht, The Netherlands; and
                [4 ]Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
                Article
                10.1182/blood-2017-11-778555
                29895664
                e487b06d-d870-456d-8227-f679d19aee0f
                © 2018
                History

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