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      A global meta-analysis of soil organic carbon in the Anthropocene

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          Abstract

          Anthropogenic activities profoundly impact soil organic carbon (SOC), affecting its contribution to ecosystem services such as climate regulation. Here, we conducted a thorough review of the impacts of land-use change, land management, and climate change on SOC. Using second-order meta-analysis, we synthesized findings from 230 first-order meta-analyses comprising over 25,000 primary studies. We show that (i) land conversion for crop production leads to high SOC loss, that can be partially restored through land management practices, particularly by introducing trees and incorporating exogenous carbon in the form of biochar or organic amendments, (ii) land management practices that are implemented in forests generally result in depletion of SOC, and (iii) indirect effects of climate change, such as through wildfires, have a greater impact on SOC than direct climate change effects (e.g., from rising temperatures). The findings of our study provide strong evidence to assist decision-makers in safeguarding SOC stocks and promoting land management practices for SOC restoration. Furthermore, they serve as a crucial research roadmap, identifying areas that require attention to fill the knowledge gaps concerning the factors driving changes in SOC.

          Abstract

          Over 25,000 synthesized experiments identify effective land management practices, such as tree planting and biochar use, that partially mitigate land-use change effects. Yet, indirect climate change effects still pose a potential severe threat to SOC globally

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            Conducting Meta-Analyses inRwith themetaforPackage

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                damien.beillouin@cirad.fr
                Journal
                Nat Commun
                Nat Commun
                Nature Communications
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2041-1723
                22 June 2023
                22 June 2023
                2023
                : 14
                : 3700
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.8183.2, ISNI 0000 0001 2153 9871, CIRAD, , UPR HortSys, ; Montpellier, France
                [2 ]GRID grid.121334.6, ISNI 0000 0001 2097 0141, HortSys, , Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, ; Montpellier, France
                [3 ]GRID grid.121334.6, ISNI 0000 0001 2097 0141, AIDA, , Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, ; Montpellier, France
                [4 ]GRID grid.511561.7, IITA, ; Nairobi, Kenya
                [5 ]CIRAD, UPR AIDA, Turrialba, Costa Rica
                [6 ]GRID grid.24753.37, ISNI 0000 0001 2206 525X, CATIE, , Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, ; Turrialba, Costa Rica
                [7 ]CIRAD, UPR AIDA, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
                [8 ]GRID grid.423769.d, ISNI 0000 0004 7592 2050, CIRDES, , USPAE, ; Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
                [9 ]GRID grid.8183.2, ISNI 0000 0001 2153 9871, CIRAD, DGDRS, DIST, ; Montpellier, France
                [10 ]GRID grid.8183.2, ISNI 0000 0001 2153 9871, CIRAD, , UMR SENS, ; Montpellier, France
                [11 ]GRID grid.121334.6, ISNI 0000 0001 2097 0141, SENS, , Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, ; Montpellier, France
                [12 ]GRID grid.8183.2, ISNI 0000 0001 2153 9871, CIRAD, , UPR Recyclage et Risque, ; Montpellier, France
                [13 ]GRID grid.121334.6, ISNI 0000 0001 2097 0141, Recyclage et Risque, , Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, ; Montpellier, France
                [14 ]CIRAD, UPR AIDA, Harare, Zimbabwe
                [15 ]GRID grid.13001.33, ISNI 0000 0004 0572 0760, Department of Plant Production Sciences and Technologies, , University of Zimbabwe, ; Harare, Zimbabwe
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2014-3482
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8434-5193
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9924-3269
                Article
                39338
                10.1038/s41467-023-39338-z
                10287672
                37349294
                e3ffc48a-4ac2-4fc9-8ce9-27c246222cd7
                © The Author(s) 2023

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 4 November 2022
                : 5 June 2023
                Categories
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                © Springer Nature Limited 2023

                Uncategorized
                climate change,plant sciences
                Uncategorized
                climate change, plant sciences

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