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      Aneurisma da aorta abdominal infrarrenal: importância do rastreamento em hospitais do Sistema Único de Saúde na região metropolitana de Salvador - Bahia Translated title: Infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm: significance of screening in patients of public hospitals in the metropolitan region of Salvador - Bahia, Brazil

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          Abstract

          INTRODUÇÃO: O aneurisma da aorta abdominal infrarrenal (AAA) representa doença vascular que merece constante atenção, tanto para os estudos de rastreamento como de aperfeiçoamento terapêutico. Sua importância clínica se baseia na alta taxa de mortalidade que ocorre com a sua ruptura, em contraste com a baixa taxa de mortalidade descrita com a correção cirúrgica eletiva em serviços especializados. Na região metropolitana de Salvador, não se encontram dados relativos à identificação desses indivíduos. Esse fato encorajou nosso estudo. OBJETIVOS: (1) determinar a prevalência do AAA infrarrenal nos pacientes com fatores de risco; (2) identificar esses fatores de risco; e (3) a população que deve ser rotineiramente rastreada. MÉTODOS: Em estudo de rastreamento do AAA realizado pelos Serviços de Cirurgia Vascular do Hospital Geral Roberto Santos (HGRS) e do Hospital Geral de Camaçari (HGC) de setembro de 2008 a outubro de 2009, foram selecionados 1350 indivíduos com 50 anos ou mais que apresentavam fatores de risco para o aneurisma da aorta. A triagem incluiu o preenchimento de protocolo e a realização de ultrassom doppler colorido. RESULTADOS: A prevalência do AAA infrarrenal nesta amostra foi 3,9%. Os fatores de risco mais frequentemente associados foram: média de idade de 72 anos, gênero masculino, tabagismo, antecedente de AAA e portadores de doença arterial oclusiva periférica, insuficiência coronariana e doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica. O rastreamento do AAA deve ser considerado em homens com idade superior a 65 anos, principalmente quando presente um desses fatores de risco.

          Translated abstract

          BACKGROUND: Infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a vascular disease requiring continuous attention both in terms of screening and therapeutic improvement. Infrarenal AAA is a major condition because of its high mortality rate due to AAA rupture, as opposite to the low mortality rate related to elective surgical repair conducted in specialized facilities. In the metropolitan area of Salvador there are no data concerning the identification of patients with infrarenal AAA. Such lack of information prompted this study. OBJECTIVE: (1) to determine the prevalence of infrarenal AAA in patients with risk factors; (2) to identify risk factors; and (3) to determine whether the population at risk should be routinely screened. METHODS: In a study for AAA screening conducted by the Department of Vascular Surgery of Hospital Geral Roberto Santos and Hospital Geral de Camaçari from September 2008 to October 2009, 1,350 individuals aged 50 years or older with risk factors for aortic aneurysm were selected. Screening included completion of protocol and performance of color Doppler ultrasound. RESULTS: AAA prevalence in this sample was 3.9%. The most frequent risk factors associated with aneurysm were mean age of 72 years, male gender, smoking, and patients with peripheral obstructive arterial disease, coronary failure, and chronic obstructive lung disease. AAA screening should be considered in men aged over 65 years, mainly when one of these risk factors are present.

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          Applied Logistic Regression

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              Multicenter prospective study of nonruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. Part II. Variables predicting morbidity and mortality.

              A previous article (Part I) described the patient population and operative management of 666 patients who had surgery for nonruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms. This article details the perioperative complications and, by chi-square and logistic regression analysis, identifies the variables that are associated with each complication. In summarizing the results (below) the incidence of each complication is listed, along with the predictive risk factors in parentheses that have significance levels less than 0.05. Vascular morbidity data are as follows: intraoperative bleeding, 4.8%; postoperative bleeding requiring transfusion, 2.3% or repeat operation, 1.4% (large volume of blood transfusion and/or use of an autotransfusion device); intraoperative limb ischemia, 3.5%; graft thrombosis, 0.9% (femoropopliteal disease and/or distal anastomosis at the femoral level); distal thromboembolism, 3.3% (male sex, femoral popliteal disease, and/or intraoperative graft thrombosis); amputation, 1.2%; graft infection, 1 case. General morbidity data are as follows: cerebrovascular event, 0.6%; paraplegia, 1 case; cardiac event, 15.1% (age, previous episode of congestive heart failure, and/or electrocardiogram [ECG] evidence of a previous myocardial infarction); myocardial infarction, 5.2% (advancing age, angina, and/or prolonged aortic cross-clamp time); congestive heart failure, 8.9% (previous history of congestive heart failure, ECG evidence of ischemia, and/or chronic obstructive lung disease); arrhythmia requiring treatment, 10.5% (preoperative ventricular premature beats and/or respiratory failure requiring ventilation for more than 48 hours); new arrhythmia, 8.4% (angina and/or chronic obstructive lung disease); respiratory failure, 8.4% (chronic obstructive lung disease, large volume of blood transfused, and/or occurrence of postoperative bleeding, cerebrovascular accident, congestive heart failure, or myocardial infarction); renal damage with rise in creatinine or blood urea nitrogen, 5.4% and/or renal failure requiring dialysis, 0.6% (elevated preoperative creatinine, suprarenal aortic cross-clamping, and/or renal vein ligation); diarrhea without evidence of ischemia colitis, 7.1% and ischemic colitis, 0.6% (pelvic flow interrupted); prolonged ileus, 11.0% (aortoiliac occlusive disease, deterioration of renal function, prolonged ventilation, and/or preoperative history of angina); superficial wound infection, 1.5% and deep infection, 0.5% (femoral anastomosis and/or female sex); coagulopathy, 1.1% (large volume of blood transfused).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                jvb
                Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
                J. vasc. bras.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e de Cirurgia Vascular (SBACV) (Porto Alegre )
                1677-7301
                December 2012
                : 11
                : 4
                : 289-300
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo Brazil
                Article
                S1677-54492012000400007
                10.1590/S1677-54492012000400007
                e3abc487-fc68-4247-b9d8-f30717da209d

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1677-5449&lng=en
                Categories
                CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS
                PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE
                SURGERY

                Surgery,Cardiovascular Medicine
                abdominal aortic aneurysm,aortic aneurysm,screening programs,aneurisma da aorta abdominal,aneurisma aórtico,programas de rastreamento

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