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      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
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      Science communication on the public health risks of air pollution: a computational scoping review from 1958 to 2022

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          Abstract

          Background

          Air pollutants are a health risk for the entire population. Particulate matter (PM) including the smallest fraction, ultra-fine particles (UFP), therefore continue to be the focus of scientific research in this area. To protect the population from the harmful effects of exposure to PM, communication and information of research results are of special relevance as individuals with heightened awareness of the harms of poor air quality are more likely to take action to improve their exposure.

          Methods

          We conducted a scoping review of the scientific literature on science communication of public health information about risks associated with air pollutants to generate an initial over-view of existing research in this field. We searched the PubMed and Scopus databases and analyzed the data using a structured topic modeling (STM) approach.

          Results

          The existing scientific literature dates back to 1958 but increases significantly from the 1990s onwards. Publications are mainly found in the discipline of environmental research and are primarily concerned with health effects. It is often stated that adequate communication of the results to the public would be important, but specific approaches are rare. Overall, the topic of risk communication seems to be underrepresented for both air pollutants and UFP.

          Conclusions

          To protect public health, it is important to conduct more intensive science and risk communication related to scientific findings on the risks of air pollutants. For adequate communication and information, further research is needed to provide specific approaches that also involve the affected population and take different target groups into account. In addition, the effectiveness of communication efforts should also be analyzed.

          Supplementary Information

          The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13690-023-01031-4.

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          Most cited references98

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          PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation

          Adrian Aldcroft, Chantelle Garritty, Simon Lewin … (2018)
          Scoping reviews, a type of knowledge synthesis, follow a systematic approach to map evidence on a topic and identify main concepts, theories, sources, and knowledge gaps. Although more scoping reviews are being done, their methodological and reporting quality need improvement. This document presents the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist and explanation. The checklist was developed by a 24-member expert panel and 2 research leads following published guidance from the EQUATOR (Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research) Network. The final checklist contains 20 essential reporting items and 2 optional items. The authors provide a rationale and an example of good reporting for each item. The intent of the PRISMA-ScR is to help readers (including researchers, publishers, commissioners, policymakers, health care providers, guideline developers, and patients or consumers) develop a greater understanding of relevant terminology, core concepts, and key items to report for scoping reviews.
          Article 0 comments Cited 8624 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Particulate matter air pollution and cardiovascular disease: An update to the scientific statement from the American Heart Association.

            Robert D Brook, Sanjay Rajagopalan, C. Pope … (2010)
            In 2004, the first American Heart Association scientific statement on "Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease" concluded that exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution contributes to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In the interim, numerous studies have expanded our understanding of this association and further elucidated the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved. The main objective of this updated American Heart Association scientific statement is to provide a comprehensive review of the new evidence linking PM exposure with cardiovascular disease, with a specific focus on highlighting the clinical implications for researchers and healthcare providers. The writing group also sought to provide expert consensus opinions on many aspects of the current state of science and updated suggestions for areas of future research. On the basis of the findings of this review, several new conclusions were reached, including the following: Exposure to PM <2.5 microm in diameter (PM(2.5)) over a few hours to weeks can trigger cardiovascular disease-related mortality and nonfatal events; longer-term exposure (eg, a few years) increases the risk for cardiovascular mortality to an even greater extent than exposures over a few days and reduces life expectancy within more highly exposed segments of the population by several months to a few years; reductions in PM levels are associated with decreases in cardiovascular mortality within a time frame as short as a few years; and many credible pathological mechanisms have been elucidated that lend biological plausibility to these findings. It is the opinion of the writing group that the overall evidence is consistent with a causal relationship between PM(2.5) exposure and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This body of evidence has grown and been strengthened substantially since the first American Heart Association scientific statement was published. Finally, PM(2.5) exposure is deemed a modifiable factor that contributes to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
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              Finding scientific topics.

              Thomas L Griffiths, Mark Steyvers (2004)
              A first step in identifying the content of a document is determining which topics that document addresses. We describe a generative model for documents, introduced by Blei, Ng, and Jordan [Blei, D. M., Ng, A. Y. & Jordan, M. I. (2003) J. Machine Learn. Res. 3, 993-1022], in which each document is generated by choosing a distribution over topics and then choosing each word in the document from a topic selected according to this distribution. We then present a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for inference in this model. We use this algorithm to analyze abstracts from PNAS by using Bayesian model selection to establish the number of topics. We show that the extracted topics capture meaningful structure in the data, consistent with the class designations provided by the authors of the articles, and outline further applications of this analysis, including identifying "hot topics" by examining temporal dynamics and tagging abstracts to illustrate semantic content.
              Article 0 comments Cited 823 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Elisabeth Pfleger: elisabeth.pfleger@fau.de
                Christoph Adrian: christoph.adrian@fau.de
                Regina Lutz: regina.lutz@fau.de
                Hans Drexler: hans.drexler@fau.de
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Arch Public Health
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Arch Public Health
                Title: Archives of Public Health
                Publisher: BioMed Central (London )
                ISSN (Print): 0778-7367
                ISSN (Electronic): 2049-3258
                Publication date (Electronic): 4 February 2023
                Publication date PMC-release: 4 February 2023
                Publication date Collection: 2023
                Volume: 81
                Electronic Location Identifier: 14
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.5330.5, ISNI 0000 0001 2107 3311, Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), ; Henkestrasse 9 – 11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
                [2 ]GRID grid.5330.5, ISNI 0000 0001 2107 3311, Department of Economics and Social Sciences, Chair of Communication Science, , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), ; Findelgasse 7/9, 90402 Nürnberg, Germany
                Article
                Publisher ID: 1031
                DOI: 10.1186/s13690-023-01031-4
                PMC ID: 9898709
                PubMed ID: 36739430
                SO-VID: e31077eb-2370-4642-b2e5-3eebecbc99c2
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2023
                License:

                Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

                History
                Date received : 18 October 2022
                Date accepted : 24 January 2023
                Funding
                Funded by: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (1041)
                Open Access :

                Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.

                Categories
                Subject: Systematic Review
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2023

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health
                Keywords: air pollution,public health,science communication,health communication,information,risk,scoping review,ultra-fine particles
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health
                Keywords: air pollution, public health, science communication, health communication, information, risk, scoping review, ultra-fine particles

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