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      Reconstrução do seio maxilar atrófico com enxerto autólogo de crista ilíaca: avaliação por tomografia computadorizada e radiografia panorâmica Translated title: Autologus crest iliac graft in the reconstruction of resorbed maxillary sinus: evaluation through computed tomography and panoramic radiography

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVOS: As dificuldades para a utilização de implantes dentários osteointegrados em pacientes portadores de atrofia do seio maxilar justificaram o emprego de enxerto autólogo não vascularizado de crista ilíaca isolado ou associado à hidroxiapatita (HA) em 14 pacientes submetidos a 25 procedimentos no Hospital das Nações, Curitiba, Paraná, portadores de atrofia do sinus maxilar. O objetivo foi avaliar comparativamente a precisão da tomografia computadorizada e da radiografia panorâmica, através da quantificação da neoformação óssea nesta estrutura. MÉTODOS: Foram selecionadas pacientes edentados, com altura óssea residual do rebordo gengival ao soalho do seio maxilar menor que 5mm. O enxerto medular de crista ilíaca fragmentada isolado ou misturado com HA foi colocado através da parede lateral no soalho atrófico da cuba maxilar por via submucosa. A avaliação quantitativa e qualitativa foi feita através da radiografia panorâmica e tomografia computadorizada, sendo utilizado na análise estatística a distribuição t de Student (prevalência de 0,05) para análise das variâncias, considerado que a leitura dos laudos radiológicos foi feita por dois especialistas, medindo a distância entre os pontos inferiores e superiores do enxerto no soalho do seio maxilar. RESULTADOS: Tivemos um ganho médio de 14,8mm em todos os procedimentos, com um erro maior que 3mm em 16 procedimentos (64%) e incorporação satisfatória do enxerto ósseo suficiente para futuro implante dentário. CONCLUSÕES: A tomografia computadorizada foi o método de escolha na avaliação qualitativa e quantitativa da incorporação de enxerto autólogo não vascularizado em seio maxilar atrófico.

          Translated abstract

          BACKGROUND:There are different methods to evaluate bone grafts in the maxillary sinus. Panoramic radiography is the most common one, even though assessment could be difficult. Occasionaly computerized tomography (CT)is another option but cost and radiation in excess should be considered. Our objective is to compare these two imaging methods. METHODS: Both panoramic radiogrphy and CT scan methods were used on 25 procedures in 14 patients on post-operative sinus lift with autogenous bone graft from the iliac crest. Two radiologists evaluated the quantity of the newly formed bone and the quality of the exam for each patient, through different imaging groups. RESULTS: The quantitative bone evaluation between the two types of exam showed a statistically significant difference (Student t-test=0,05) In some cases the difference was up to 14,8 mm between exams on the same patient, having an error of more than 3mm in 16 procedures (64%). CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that the quality of the image on the computerized tomography is superior and it is the most reliable method to determine the area of bone augmentation of the maxillary sinus after an antroplasty.

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          Most cited references12

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          Augmentation of the sinus floor with mandibular bone block and simultaneous implantation: a 6-year clinical investigation.

          F. Khoury (1999)
          Between 1991 and 1995, 216 sinus-lift procedures were accomplished as part of a clinical study. The study involved placing 467 implants in the atrophic posterior maxillae of 142 female and 74 male patients. The initial bone height at the implant site was between 1 and 5 mm. The implants were supported subantrally with bone block grafts harvested from the retromolar or symphysis areas of the mandible. Perforations of the maxillary sinus membrane were observed in 51 patients; these were repaired with fibrin adhesive. The spaces remaining above the bone graft were filled with various materials. A total of 28 implants failed. All the remaining implants were deemed successfully osseointegrated, based on radiographic and clinical (including periodontal health) criteria. No patients experienced maxillary sinus complications. Clinically and radiographically, the best bone regeneration was observed in those patients in whom the surgically created space was completely grafted with autogenous bone that included a high percentage of resorption-resistant cortical bone. In those patients having bone grafts harvested from the mandibular symphysis, none of their facial profiles were adversely affected; however, some patients experienced neurosensory deficits involving the mandibular anterior incisors and adjacent alveolar mucosa. Occasionally, these symptoms persisted for up to 1 year following the procedure.
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            Report of the sinus consensus conference of 1996

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              Prosthetic rehabilitation of the atrophic maxilla using pre-implant surgery and endosseous implants.

              Pre-implant surgery was carried out in 20 patients with advanced atrophy of the edentulous maxilla, using autogenous bone grafts. Endosseous implants were placed after the initial healing period and these were used to retain removable overdentures. Patients were observed for up to 5 years with 15 of the 105 implants placed being lost and two remaining as sleepers. The resulting implant success rate was 84%. Three patients had to return to conventional dentures while the remaining 17 expressed a high degree of satisfaction with their implant retained prostheses. Pre-implant surgery successfully extends the scope for implant therapy by providing sufficient bone for implant placement. The survival rate of implants in these cases appears promising up to 3 years, although further data is required to confirm the effectiveness of this treatment in the long term. Implant retained overdentures are able to successfully restore both oral function and facial form. The rehabilitation of the atrophic, edentulous maxilla remains difficult and complex, even when using pre-implant surgery and implant retained prostheses.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rcbc
                Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões
                Rev. Col. Bras. Cir.
                Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões (Rio de Janeiro )
                1809-4546
                February 2002
                : 29
                : 1
                : 13-18
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Hospital Heliópolis Brazil
                [2 ] Hospital Heliópolis Brazil
                [3 ] Hospital Heliópolis Brazil
                Article
                S0100-69912002000100004
                10.1590/S0100-69912002000100004
                e1e71399-b88b-4568-9f2e-8c1dff509b84

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-6991&lng=en
                Categories
                SURGERY

                Surgery
                Iliac crest,Maxillary sinus,Autologus graft,Image,Crista ilíaca,Seio maxilar,Enxerto autólogo,Imagem
                Surgery
                Iliac crest, Maxillary sinus, Autologus graft, Image, Crista ilíaca, Seio maxilar, Enxerto autólogo, Imagem

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