Análisis del concepto de abstracción y su uso en referencia a las relaciones conductuales <span class="so-article-trans-title" dir="auto"> Translated title: An analysis of the concept of abstraction and its use about behavioral relations </span>

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Abstract

Resumen El concepto de abstracción ha sido difundido en la literatura conceptual y experimental en el análisis de la conducta desde inicios del siglo XX. Su uso en las aproximaciones derivadas de la teoría del condicionamiento, predominantemente ha sido permeado por categorías de orden operacional, lo cual ha permitido que se considere de forma equivalente o análoga a los conceptos de categorización y formación de conceptos, y que se formulen taxonomías de niveles de abstracción con base en criterios morfológicos. En el presente escrito, se describen las características de dichos usos en la tradición del análisis de la conducta, se identifican algunas insuficiencias conceptuales en torno a su definición con base en categorías operacionales y morfológicas, y se propone como alternativa una definición del comportamiento abstracto y una taxonomía de niveles de complejidad de este comportamiento desde una perspectiva interconductual.

Translated abstract

Abstract The use of the concept of abstraction has been disseminated within the conditioning theory, predominantly permeated by operational categories, which has allowed it to be considered equivalent to the concepts of categorization and concept formation. Consequently, the taxonomies of levels of abstraction are formulated based on morphological criteria. In the present paper, the characteristics of these uses are described, some shortcomings are identified around their definition based on operational and morphological categories, and an alternative definition of abstract behavior and a taxonomy of complexity levels from a perspective interbehavioral is proposed.

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Equivalence relations and the reinforcement contingency.

M Sidman (2000)

Where do equivalence relations come from? One possible answer is that they arise directly from the reinforcement contingency. That is to say, a reinforcement contingency produces two types of outcome: (a) 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, or n-term units of analysis that are known, respectively, as operant reinforcement, simple discrimination, conditional discrimination, second-order conditional discrimination, and so on; and (b) equivalence relations that consist of ordered pairs of all positive elements that participate in the contingency. This conception of the origin of equivalence relations leads to a number of new and verifiable ways of conceptualizing equivalence relations and, more generally, the stimulus control of operant behavior. The theory is also capable of experimental disproof.