RESUMEN La presente revisión tuvo como objetivo identificar la importancia de la leptospirosis en la salud pública a través de una búsqueda de literatura en bases de datos, donde se tuvieron en cuenta criterios como artículos a partir del año 2004 al 2019, que tuvieran como palabras clave Leptospira spp., epidemiologia, salud pública, entre otras para realizar un aporte teórico a este tema. Se dio a conocer las características de la bacteria Leptospira spp., sus principales reservorios, epidemiología, prevalencias de la enfermedad, ubicaciones geográficas, herramientas diagnósticas, control y prevención de la leptospirosis. Se identificó cuantiosa información en cuanto a generalidades de leptospirosis y sobre el curso de la enfermedad, se denota la ausencia de información en varios sectores sociales para evitar su contagio, controlar la diseminación de la enfermedad, realizar diagnósticos tempranos y los pocos tratamientos para esta zoonosis.
ABSTRACT The objective of this review was to identify the importance of leptospirosis in public health through a literature search on bases where criteria were taken into account as articles from 2004 to 2019, which had as keywords Leptospira spp., epidemiology, public health, among others to make a theoretical contribution to this issue. The characteristics of the bacterium Leptospira spp., its main reservoirs, epidemiology, prevalence of the disease, geographical locations, diagnostic tools, control and prevention of leptospirosis were presented. A large amount of information was identified regarding the generalities of leptospirosis and the course of the disease. There is a lack of information in various social sectors to prevent the spread of the disease, control the spread of the disease, and carry out early diagnosis and the few treatments for this zoonosis.
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