Melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer among patients who attended at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from 2007 - 2018

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Abstract

Objectives:

To assess the prevalence of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer for patients attended King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We are also assessing the most common category of skin cancer to be encountered among those patients.

Methods:

The authors conducted a retrospective study including all patients (Saudi and non-Saudi) who attended King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH) at the period of (2007-2018). Data were collected from archives of Pathology Department at KKUH and categorized into: melanoma skin cancer (MSC), non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), which included: basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), pre-neoplastic lesions, and non-neoplastic skin lesions.

Results:

A total of 111 patients were reported to have skin cancer out of 9828 cases, which had other skin pathology. Majority of cases were basal cell carcinoma with a total number of 76 (68.5%) of all cases. 18 patients (16.2%) were diagnosed with MSC. The remaining 17 patients (15.3%) were diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma.

Conclusion:

Skin cancer prevalence and incidence is increasing worldwide. In our study, BCC was the most common type of skin cancer to be reported in our institute, which is similar to the majority of other international studies.

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Most cited references 44

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Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012.

Jacques Ferlay, Isabelle Soerjomataram, Rajesh Dikshit … (2015)

Estimates of the worldwide incidence and mortality from 27 major cancers and for all cancers combined for 2012 are now available in the GLOBOCAN series of the International Agency for Research on Cancer. We review the sources and methods used in compiling the national cancer incidence and mortality estimates, and briefly describe the key results by cancer site and in 20 large "areas" of the world. Overall, there were 14.1 million new cases and 8.2 million deaths in 2012. The most commonly diagnosed cancers were lung (1.82 million), breast (1.67 million), and colorectal (1.36 million); the most common causes of cancer death were lung cancer (1.6 million deaths), liver cancer (745,000 deaths), and stomach cancer (723,000 deaths). © 2014 UICC.

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A systematic review of worldwide incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer.

A. Lomas, J Leonardi-Bee, F Bath-Hextall (2012)

Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common cancer affecting white-skinned individuals and the incidence is increasing worldwide. This systematic review brings together 75 studies conducted over the past half century to look at geographical variations and trends worldwide in NMSC, and specifically incidence data are compared with recent U.K. cancer registry data. Following the development of a comprehensive search strategy, an assessment tool was adapted to look at the methodological quality of the eligible studies. Most of the studies focused on white populations in Europe, the U.S.A. and Australia; however, limited data were available for other skin types in regions such as Africa. Worldwide the incidence for NMSC varies widely with the highest rates in Australia [>1000/100, 000 person-years for basal cell carcinoma (BCC)] and the lowest rates in parts of Africa (< 1/100, 000 person-years for BCC). The average incidence rates in England were 76·21/100, 000 person-years and 22·65/100, 000 person-years for BCC and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), respectively, with highest rates in the South-West of England (121·29/100, 000 person-years for BCC and 33·02/100, 000 person-years for SCC) and lowest rates by far in London (0·24/100, 000 person-years for BCC and 14·98/100, 000 person-years for SCC). The incidence rates in the U.K. appear to be increasing at a greater rate when compared with the rest of Europe. NMSC is an increasing problem for health care services worldwide. This review highlights a requirement for prevention studies in this area and the issues surrounding incomplete NMSC registration. Registration standards of NMSC should be improved to the level of other invasive disease. © 2012 The Authors. BJD © 2012 British Association of Dermatologists.

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Safety and tumor responses with lambrolizumab (anti-PD-1) in melanoma.

Omid Hamid, Caroline Robert, Adil Daud … (2013)

The programmed death 1 (PD-1) receptor is a negative regulator of T-cell effector mechanisms that limits immune responses against cancer. We tested the anti-PD-1 antibody lambrolizumab (previously known as MK-3475) in patients with advanced melanoma. We administered lambrolizumab intravenously at a dose of 10 mg per kilogram of body weight every 2 or 3 weeks or 2 mg per kilogram every 3 weeks in patients with advanced melanoma, both those who had received prior treatment with the immune checkpoint inhibitor ipilimumab and those who had not. Tumor responses were assessed every 12 weeks. A total of 135 patients with advanced melanoma were treated. Common adverse events attributed to treatment were fatigue, rash, pruritus, and diarrhea; most of the adverse events were low grade. The confirmed response rate across all dose cohorts, evaluated by central radiologic review according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), version 1.1, was 38% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25 to 44), with the highest confirmed response rate observed in the cohort that received 10 mg per kilogram every 2 weeks (52%; 95% CI, 38 to 66). The response rate did not differ significantly between patients who had received prior ipilimumab treatment and those who had not (confirmed response rate, 38% [95% CI, 23 to 55] and 37% [95% CI, 26 to 49], respectively). Responses were durable in the majority of patients (median follow-up, 11 months among patients who had a response); 81% of the patients who had a response (42 of 52) were still receiving treatment at the time of analysis in March 2013. The overall median progression-free survival among the 135 patients was longer than 7 months. In patients with advanced melanoma, including those who had had disease progression while they had been receiving ipilimumab, treatment with lambrolizumab resulted in a high rate of sustained tumor regression, with mainly grade 1 or 2 toxic effects. (Funded by Merck Sharp and Dohme; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01295827.).

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Saudi Med J

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Saudi Med J

Title: Saudi Medical Journal

Publisher: Saudi Medical Journal (Saudi Arabia )

ISSN (Print): 0379-5284

ISSN (Electronic): 1658-3175

Publication date (Print): July 2020

Volume: 41

Issue: 7

Pages: 709-714

Affiliations

[1] From the Division of Plastic Surgery (Arab, AlRuhaili), Department of Surgery, from the Department of Pathology (AlJohany), College of Medicine, King Saud University; and from the College of Medicine (AlHammad), King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Author notes

Address correspondence and reprint request to: Dr. Reema S. AlHammad, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail: alhammadreema@ 123456gmail.com ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8053-9628

Article

Publisher ID: SaudiMedJ-41-709

DOI: 10.15537/smj.2020.7.25138

PMC ID: 7502929

PubMed ID: 32601638

SO-VID: dff0465d-3d33-4467-8e56-e519a6cbb256

License:

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial License (CC BY-NC), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

History

Date received : 10 September 2019

Date accepted : 10 April 2020

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Melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer among patients who attended at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from 2007 - 2018

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Abstract

Objectives:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusion:

Related collections

Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences & Forensic Medicine (AJFSFM)

Most cited references 44

Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012.

A systematic review of worldwide incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer.

Safety and tumor responses with lambrolizumab (anti-PD-1) in melanoma.

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Cited by 3

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