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      High biodegradation levels of 4,5,6-trichloroguaiacol by Bacillus sp. isolated from cellulose pulp mill effluent Translated title: Altos níveis de biodegradação do 4,5,6-tricloroguaiacol por Bacillus sp. isolado de efluente de indústria de polpa de celulose

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          Abstract

          An aerobic Gram positive spore-forming bacterium was isolated from cellulose pulp mill effluent. This microorganism, identified as Bacillus sp. and named IS13, was able to rapidly degrade the organic chlorinated compound 4,5,6-trichloroguaiacol (4,5,6-TCG) from a culture containing 50 mg/l, which corresponds to about 3x104 times the concentration found in the original effluent. The biodegradation of this compound, usually found in cellulose pulp mill effluents, was evaluated by spectrophotometry and gas chromatography analysis. During 4,5,6-TCG decreasing, the lack of by-products had shown by such analysis lead to verify the possibility of either adsorption or absorption of 4,5,6-TCG by the cells, instead of real biodegradation. There were no traces of 4,5,6-TCG after lysozyme and SDS cell disruption. Vigorous extraction was applied before spectrophotometry analysis and there was no release of residual 4,5,6-TCG. Plasmid isolation was attempted by using different protocols. The best results were reached by CTAB method, but no plasmid DNA was found in Bacillus sp. IS13. The results suggest that genes located at the bacterial chromosome might mediate the high decrease of 4,5,6-TCG. The importance of this work is that, in being a natural ocurring microorganism, Bacillus sp. IS13, can be used as inoculum in plant effluents to best organochlorinated compounds biodegradation.

          Translated abstract

          Isolou-se uma bactéria gram positiva, esporulada a partir de efluente de fábrica de polpa de celulose. Esse microrganismo, identificado como Bacillus sp. e nomeado IS13, foi capaz de degradar rapidamente o composto orgânico clorado 4,5,6-tricloroguaiacol (4,5,6-TCG) presente em meio de cultura a uma concentração de 50mg/L. Essa concentração equivale a 3x104 vezes mais 4,5,6-TCG que a concentração encontrada no efluente original. A biodegradação desse composto foi analisada por espectrofotometria de varredura e cromatografia gasosa. A falta de sub-produtos de degradação sugeriu a verificação da possibilidade de adsorção e absorção celular do 4,5,6-TCG ao invés de biodegradação propriamente dita. Não foram encontrados traços de 4,5,6-TCG após lise celular com lisozima e SDS e não houve desprendimento desse composto após agitação vigorosa. Logo, o desaparecimento do 4,5,6-TCG do meio de cultura analisado foi interpretado como biodegradação devido ao metabolismo do Bacillus sp. IS13. A partir desse microrganismo, buscou-se isolar plasmídeos utilizando diferentes protocolos. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos através do método do CTAB, porém não encontraram-se plasmídeos no isolado IS13. Os resultados sugerem que a alta taxa de degradação do 4,5,6-TCG é mediada por genes presentes no cromossomo bacteriano. A importância desse trabalho encontra-se na possibilidade de utilização do Bacillus sp. IS13 como inóculo em plantas de efluentes industriais, a fim de biodegradar compostos orgânicos clorados presentes nesses locais.

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            Simple and rapid method for isolating large plasmid DNA from lactic streptococci.

            A procedure for the rapid isolation of plasmid DNA larger than 30 megadaltons from lactic streptococci is described. This protocol can be used on a preparative scale to isolate sufficient quantities of plasmid DNA required for restriction analysis, cloning, or transformation experiments. A scaled-down protocol is very useful for rapidly screening the plasmid content of streptococcal strains. With this methodology, previously undetected large plasmids were observed.
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              Designing microorganisms for the treatment of toxic wastes.

              The genetic design of novel metabolic routes offers exciting possibilities for biological research and biotechnology, both in the exploration of the metabolic/evolutionary potential of cells and in the development of innovative applications. In this chapter, we review recent advances in the development of genetic tools and strategies for the design of new microorganisms for elimination of environmental pollutants. These include the design of regulated gene expression circuits that provide high levels of catalytic activity, even under environmental conditions that ordinarily repress expression of catabolic genes; the rational alteration of relevant properties of proteins that qualitatively or quantitatively restrict catabolic activities; the judicious assembly of gene blocks encoding selected metabolic modules to create novel metabolic routes and combinations of routes; and the design of microorganisms exhibiting properties that contribute to better process development.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rm
                Revista de Microbiologia
                Rev. Microbiol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                0001-3714
                October 1998
                : 29
                : 4
                : 265-270
                Affiliations
                [02] Porto Alegre RS orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul orgdiv1 Instituto de Química Brazil
                [01] orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul orgdiv1 Centro de Biotecnologia
                Article
                S0001-37141998000400006 S0001-3714(98)02900406
                10.1590/S0001-37141998000400006
                df80360e-f72b-4e74-97e4-448b02489693

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 February 1998
                : 23 July 1998
                : 24 April 1998
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 23, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Industrial Microbiology

                4,5,6-trichloroguaiacol,aerobic bacteria,DNA,biodegradação,4,5,6-tricloroguaiacol,bactéria aeróbia,biodegradation

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