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      Identificação de Avibacterium paragallinarum em frangos de corte e poedeiras comerciais no Estado de Pernambuco Translated title: Avibacterium paragallinarum identification in broiler and commercial laying hens in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil

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          Abstract

          As aves da indústria avícola brasileira são suscetíveis a surtos de doenças infecciosas relacionadas a perdas econômicas, principalmente por enfermidades infecciosas causadas por Mycoplasma, Avibacterium paragallinarum e vírus que acometem o trato respiratório. Objetivou-se neste estudo pesquisar o envolvimento de A. paragallinarum em surto de doença respiratória aviária. Foram coletados 18 swabs da região infraorbitária dos seios nasais de aves, sendo seis amostras de frangos de corte com sinais clínicos e 12 de poedeiras com sinais clínicos. As amostras foram cultivadas em meios específicos para o agente e também testadas com a técnica molecular Reação em Cadeia de Polimerase. Das amostras analisadas no isolamento, 100% foram negativas. Na PCR, duas (16,66%) foram positivas. A detecção de A. paragallinarum na PCR em galinhas poedeiras com sinais clínicos respiratótios indica que esta bactéria está associada à etiologia da síndrome respiratória das aves nas granjas no estado de Pernambuco.

          Translated abstract

          Pullets of the Brazilian poultry industry are susceptible to outbreaks of infectious diseases with economic losses, mainly caused by Mycoplasma, Avibacterium paragallinarum and viruses affecting the respiratory tract. The objective of this study was to verify the involvement of A. paragallinarum in an outbreak of avian respiratory disease. Eighteen swabs from the infra-orbital sinuses were collected, six samples from broilers and twelve from hens with clinical signs. The samples were cultured in specific media for the agent and also tested with the molecular technique of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). All samples cultured in specific media were negative; PCR revealed two samples (16.66%) as positive. The detection of A. paragallinarum by PCR in laying hens with clinical respiratory signs indicates that this bacterium is associated with the etiology of respiratory syndrome in poultry farms in the state of Pernambuco.

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          Development and application of DNA probes and PCR tests for Haemophilus paragallinarum.

          A genomic DNA library of Haemophilus paragallinarum strain Modesto was created. Screening of this library identified four clones that reacted specifically with all 56 isolates of H. paragallinarum tested and failed to react with 24 closely related bacteria from the genera Pasteurella and Actinobacillus. All four clones also failed to react with DNA extracted from one field isolate each of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae. The probes based on these four clones were approximately 1.8, 2.3, 3.5, and 5.5 kb in size. The four probes were able to detect between 7.8 and 31.25 ng of purified DNA from homologous strains with no obvious correlation between probe size and sensitivity. The smallest probe, termed P601, was partially sequenced, and primers for two polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests were designed from these sequence data. Both PCR tests, termed HPG-1 and HPG-2, were shown to be specific, all 41 isolates of H. paragallinarum tested being positive and all 26 non-H. paragallinarum isolates being negative. Both PCR tests were able to detect 1 pg DNA and between 10(2) and 10(3) cells. A method for using the HPG-2 PCR test directly on sinus swabs was developed. Using this method, there was 100% agreement between culture and the direct HPG-2 PCR for the 36 swabs processed. The DNA probes and PCR tests appear to be useful diagnostic tools for the detection of infectious coryza. The tests can be used as confirmatory tests following the isolation of a hemophilic organism. As well, the HPG-2 PCR test appears to be a potential alternative to culture.
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            Molecular epidemiology of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale.

            Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale is a recently described gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium associated with respiratory tract infections in poultry. In order to determine the molecular epidemiology of this bacterium, we characterized 55 O. rhinotracheale isolates from eight countries on four continents by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE), repetitive sequence based-PCR (rep-PCR), and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. MLEE discriminated the O. rhinotracheale isolates into six electrophoretic types (ETs), of which only three ETs were recovered from domesticated poultry. The 16S rRNA gene sequence and rep-PCR analyses confirmed the results obtained by MLEE and indicated limited heterogeneity among isolates of O. rhinotracheale recovered from poultry. Taken together, the results of our analysis demonstrate that the majority of O. rhinotracheale isolates recovered from domesticated poultry throughout the world are represented by a small group of closely related clones and suggest that the bacterium was recently introduced to domesticated poultry from wild bird populations.
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              Diseases of poultry

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                pvb
                Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira
                Pesq. Vet. Bras.
                Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0100-736X
                1678-5150
                September 2014
                : 34
                : 9
                : 819-821
                Affiliations
                [03] Recife PE orgnameLaboratório de Diagnóstico Animal
                [01] Recife PE orgnameUniversidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco orgdiv1Departamento de Medicina Veterinária orgdiv2Laboratório de Doenças Infecciosas dos Animais Domésticos Brasil
                [02] João Pessoa PB orgnameUniversidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil
                Article
                S0100-736X2014000900002 S0100-736X(14)03400900002
                df259fb4-f9b9-4d64-b8ac-7a73edfbb5ff

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 December 2013
                : 02 April 2014
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 3
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI: Texto completo somente em PDF (PT)
                Categories
                Animais de Produção

                isolamento,Avibacterium paragallinarum,coriza infecciosa,PCR,frangos,poedeiras,infectious coryza,isolation,poultry

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