Long noncoding RNA: a dazzling dancer in tumor immune microenvironment

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Abstract

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of endogenous, non-protein coding RNAs that are highly linked to various cellular functions and pathological process. Emerging evidence indicates that lncRNAs participate in crosstalk between tumor and stroma, and reprogramming of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). TIME possesses distinct populations of myeloid cells and lymphocytes to influence the immune escape of cancer, the response to immunotherapy, and the survival of patients. However, hitherto, a comprehensive review aiming at relationship between lncRNAs and TIME is missing. In this review, we focus on the functional roles and molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs within the TIME. Furthermore, we discussed the potential immunotherapeutic strategies based on lncRNAs and their limitations.

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Tumour-associated macrophages as treatment targets in oncology

Alberto Mantovani, Federica Marchesi, Alberto Malesci … (2017)

Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are key drivers of tumour-promoting inflammation and cancer progression, and are important determinants of responsiveness to a range of therapies. Herein, the authors summarize the roles of TAMs in cancer, and discuss the potential of TAM-targeted therapeutic strategies to complement and synergize with other anticancer treatments.

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Chimeric antigen receptor T cells for sustained remissions in leukemia.

Shannon Maude, Noelle Frey, Pamela Shaw … (2014)

Relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is difficult to treat despite the availability of aggressive therapies. Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells targeting CD19 may overcome many limitations of conventional therapies and induce remission in patients with refractory disease. We infused autologous T cells transduced with a CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CTL019) lentiviral vector in patients with relapsed or refractory ALL at doses of 0.76×10(6) to 20.6×10(6) CTL019 cells per kilogram of body weight. Patients were monitored for a response, toxic effects, and the expansion and persistence of circulating CTL019 T cells. A total of 30 children and adults received CTL019. Complete remission was achieved in 27 patients (90%), including 2 patients with blinatumomab-refractory disease and 15 who had undergone stem-cell transplantation. CTL019 cells proliferated in vivo and were detectable in the blood, bone marrow, and cerebrospinal fluid of patients who had a response. Sustained remission was achieved with a 6-month event-free survival rate of 67% (95% confidence interval [CI], 51 to 88) and an overall survival rate of 78% (95% CI, 65 to 95). At 6 months, the probability that a patient would have persistence of CTL019 was 68% (95% CI, 50 to 92) and the probability that a patient would have relapse-free B-cell aplasia was 73% (95% CI, 57 to 94). All the patients had the cytokine-release syndrome. Severe cytokine-release syndrome, which developed in 27% of the patients, was associated with a higher disease burden before infusion and was effectively treated with the anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody tocilizumab. Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell therapy against CD19 was effective in treating relapsed and refractory ALL. CTL019 was associated with a high remission rate, even among patients for whom stem-cell transplantation had failed, and durable remissions up to 24 months were observed. (Funded by Novartis and others; CART19 ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT01626495 and NCT01029366.).

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Long Noncoding RNA and Cancer: A New Paradigm.

Milad Soleimani, Subhrangsu Mandal, Arunoday Bhan (2017)

In addition to mutations or aberrant expression in the protein-coding genes, mutations and misregulation of noncoding RNAs, in particular long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA), appear to play major roles in cancer. Genome-wide association studies of tumor samples have identified a large number of lncRNAs associated with various types of cancer. Alterations in lncRNA expression and their mutations promote tumorigenesis and metastasis. LncRNAs may exhibit tumor-suppressive and -promoting (oncogenic) functions. Because of their genome-wide expression patterns in a variety of tissues and their tissue-specific expression characteristics, lncRNAs hold strong promise as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer. In this article, we have reviewed the emerging functions and association of lncRNAs in different types of cancer and discussed their potential implications in cancer diagnosis and therapy. Cancer Res; 77(15); 3965-81. ©2017 AACR.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Quan Liao: lqpumc@126.com

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Exp Clin Cancer Res

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Exp Clin Cancer Res

Title: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research : CR

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Print): 0392-9078

ISSN (Electronic): 1756-9966

Publication date (Electronic): 4 November 2020

Publication date PMC-release: 4 November 2020

Publication date Collection: 2020

Volume: 39

Electronic Location Identifier: 231

Affiliations

GRID grid.506261.6, ISNI 0000 0001 0706 7839, Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, ; Shuaifuyuan 1, Dongcheng District, 100730 Beijing, China

Article

Publisher ID: 1727

DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01727-3

PMC ID: 7641842

PubMed ID: 33148302

SO-VID: dcae9918-2de8-4daa-a2fc-a3560dda6fe5

License:

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

History

Date received : 19 August 2020

Date accepted : 5 October 2020

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Natural Science Foundation of China;

Award ID: 81673023

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Natural Science Foundation of China;

Award ID: 81272573

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Natural Science Foundation of China;

Award ID: 81872501

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Natural Science Foundation of China;

Award ID: 81502068

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004826, Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality;

Award ID: 7172177

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy

Keywords: lncrna,tumor immune microenvironment,cancer immunotherapy

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy

Keywords: lncrna, tumor immune microenvironment, cancer immunotherapy

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Long noncoding RNA: a dazzling dancer in tumor immune microenvironment

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Cancer Immunotherapy

Most cited references 191

Tumour-associated macrophages as treatment targets in oncology

Chimeric antigen receptor T cells for sustained remissions in leukemia.

Long Noncoding RNA and Cancer: A New Paradigm.

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Cited by 53