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      Associação entre os achados do questionário de disfagia M. D. Anderson e a videofluoroscopia da deglutição após tratamento do câncer de cabeça e pescoço Translated title: Correlation between swallowing-related quality of life and videofluoroscopy after head and neck cancer treatment

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          Abstract

          RESUMO Introdução A utilização de questionários sintoma-específicos no câncer de cabeça e pescoço (CCP) em conjunto com avaliações objetivas da deglutição pode ser sensível às mudanças na qualidade de vida (QV) decorrentes da disfagia, porém é uma ferramenta pouco utilizada como complemento de avaliações clínicas. Objetivo analisar a associação entre o questionário de disfagia M. D. Anderson (MDADI) com a videofluoroscopia (VF) da deglutição em pacientes tratados do CCP. Método Estudo retrospectivo, com revisão de prontuários, dados da VF e do questionário de disfagia MDADI. Foram incluídos indivíduos maiores de 18 anos, tratados do câncer de cavidade oral, orofaringe, hipofaringe e laringe, independentemente do tratamento curativo. Para o exame de VF, foram consideradas as deglutições de 5 e 20 ml na consistência néctar. O teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney foi utilizado para avaliar a associação entre o questionário MDADI e a VF. Resultados Casuística de 39 indivíduos, predomínio de homens, 34 (87,18%), e média de idade de 61 anos. Prevalência de câncer de cavidade oral, 16 (41,03%). Vinte e dois (56,4%) possuíam estádio clínico IV. Cirurgia isolada foi o tratamento mais prevalente, 16 (41,03%). Vinte indivíduos (51,28%) se alimentavam por via oral. A média total (MT) do MDADI foi de 63,36. Na correlação da VF com o MDADI, observou-se associação significante entre MT, domínio emocional (DE) e domínio físico (DFis) com penetração para 5 ml. Penetração e aspiração com 20 ml determinou prejuízo para questão global (p=0,018 e p=0,0053), DE (p=0,0012 e p=0,027), DFis (p=0,0002 e p=0,0051) e MT (p=0,0023 e p=0,0299), respectivamente. A presença de estase não determinou piora da QV. Conclusão Pacientes tratados do CCP que apresentam penetração/aspiração demonstram impacto na qualidade de vida nos DE e DFis.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction The use of symptom-specific questionnaires on head and neck cancer (HNC), together with objective swallowing measures, can be sensitive to changes in quality of life (QoL) resulting from dysphagia, but this tool is not broadly used as a complement to clinical evaluations. Purpose To analyze the correlation between the M. D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) questionnaire and videofluoroscopy (VF) in patients treated for head and neck cancer. Methods This is a retrospective study with review of clinical data, VF and MDADI results. The study sample was composed of adult patients (>18 y.o.) treated for tumors at the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx, regardless of treatment type. For the VF examination, swallowing of 5 and 20 ml of nectar-thick liquids were considered. The Mann-Whitney nonparametric test was applied to evaluate the correlations between the MDADI and VF. Results Thirty-nine patients, mostly men (87.18%), with mean age of 61 years participated in the study. Most patients (16) presented oral cavity tumors (41.03%). Twenty-two patients were in advanced clinical stage (IV). Surgery was the most prevalent treatment (41.03%). Approximately half of the participants (20) received oral feeding. The total mean (TM) on the MDADI was 63.36. Comparison between VF and MDADI data showed significant correlation between TM, emotional domain (ED), and physical domain (PD) with penetration during the swallowing of 5 ml. Penetration and aspiration with 20 ml determined worse QoL on the global (p=0.018 and p=0.0053), emotional (p=0.0012 and p=0.027) and physical (p=0.0002 and p=0.0051) domains, and TM (p=0.0023 and p=0.0299), respectively. The presence of stasis did not determine worse QoL. Conclusion Patients treated for HNC who presented penetration/aspiration showed worse QoL on the emotional and physical domains of the MDADI.

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          The development and validation of a dysphagia-specific quality-of-life questionnaire for patients with head and neck cancer: the M. D. Anderson dysphagia inventory.

          To design a reliable and validated self-administered questionnaire whose purpose is to assess dysphagia's effects on the quality of life (QOL) of patients with head and neck cancer. Cross-sectional survey study. Focus groups were convened for questionnaire development and design. The M. D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) included global, emotional, functional, and physical subscales. One hundred consecutive adult patients with a neoplasm of the upper aerodigestive tract who underwent evaluation by our Speech Pathology team completed the MDADI and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Speech pathologists completed the Performance Status Scale for each patient. Validity and reliability properties were calculated. Analysis of variance was used to assess how well the MDADI discriminated between groups of patients. The internal consistency reliability of the MDADI was calculated using the Cronbach alpha coefficient. The Cronbach alpha coefficients of the MDADI subscales ranged from 0.85 to 0.93. Test-retest reliability coefficients of the subscales ranged from 0.69 to 0.88. Spearman correlation coefficients between the MDADI subscales and the SF-36 subscales demonstrated construct validity. Patients with primary tumors of the oral cavity and oropharynx had significantly greater swallowing disability with an adverse impact on their QOL compared with patients with primary tumors of the larynx and hypopharynx (P<.001). Patients with a malignant lesion also had significantly greater disability than patients with a benign lesion (P<.001). The MDADI is the first validated and reliable self-administered questionnaire designed specifically for evaluating the impact of dysphagia on the QOL of patients with head and neck cancer. Standardized questionnaires that measure patients' QOL offer a means for demonstrating treatment impact and improving medical care. The development and validation of the MDADI and its use in prospective clinical trials allow for better understanding of the impact of treatment of head and neck cancer on swallowing and of swallowing difficulty on patients' QOL.
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            Sensory Input Pathways and Mechanisms in Swallowing: A Review

            Over the past 20 years, research on the physiology of swallowing has confirmed that the oropharyngeal swallowing process can be modulated, both volitionally and in response to different sensory stimuli. In this review we identify what is known regarding the sensory pathways and mechanisms that are now thought to influence swallowing motor control and evoke its response. By synthesizing the current state of research evidence and knowledge, we identify continuing gaps in our knowledge of these mechanisms and pose questions for future research.
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              The SWAL-QOL outcomes tool for oropharyngeal dysphagia in adults: I. Conceptual foundation and item development.

              In the past two decades, noteworthy advances have been made in measuring the physiologic outcomes of dysphagia, including measurement of duration of structure and bolus movements, stasis, and penetration-aspiration. However, there is a paucity of data on health outcomes from the patients' perspective, such as quality of life and patient satisfaction. A patient-based, dysphagia-specific outcomes tool is needed to enhance information on treatment variations and treatment effectiveness. We present the conceptual foundation and item generation process for the SWAL-QOL, a quality of life and quality of care outcomes tool under development for dysphagia researchers and clinicians.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                codas
                CoDAS
                CoDAS
                Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                2317-1782
                March 2017
                : 29
                : 1
                : e20150175
                Affiliations
                [01] São Paulo São Paulo orgnameA.C. Camargo Cancer Center Brazil
                Article
                S2317-17822017000100303
                10.1590/2317-1782/20172015175
                28300950
                db0da0cd-eaaf-4913-a1fa-fd7b9b5ac5f1

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 17 July 2015
                : 15 June 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                Retrospective Studies,Deglutição,Transtorno da Deglutição,Questionário,Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço,Qualidade de Vida,Estudos Retrospectivos,Swallowing,Deglutition Disorders,Questionnaires,Mouth Neoplasms,Quality of Life

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