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      Transtornos mentais em adolescentes, jovens e adultos do Consórcio de Coortes de Nascimento brasileiras RPS (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas e São Luís) Translated title: Trastornos mentales en adolescentes, jóvenes y adultos del Conjunto de Cohortes de Nacimiento brasileñas RPS (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas y São Luís) Translated title: Mental disorders in adolescents, youth, and adults in the RPS Birth Cohort Consortium (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas and São Luís), Brazil

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      Cadernos de Saúde Pública
      Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
      Trastornos Mentales, Estudios de Cohortes, Factores Socioeconómicos, Género y Salud, Estadios del Ciclo de Vida, Transtornos Mentais, Estudos de Coortes, Fatores Socioeconômicos, Gênero e Saúde, Estágios do Ciclo de Vida, Mental Disorders, Cohort Studies, Socioeconomic Factors, Gender and Health, Life Cycle Stages

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          Abstract

          Resumo: Embora se reconheça que depressão e ansiedade resultem em incapacidades, bem como em prejuízos laborais e para os sistemas de saúde, pesquisas de base populacional são escassas no Brasil. Este estudo avaliou a prevalência de transtornos mentais em adolescentes, jovens e adultos e sua relação com características sociodemográficas em cinco coortes de nascimento (RPS): Ribeirão Preto (São Paulo), Pelotas (Rio Grande do Sul) e São Luís (Maranhão), Brasil. Episódio depressivo, risco de suicídio, fobia social e transtorno de ansiedade generalizada foram avaliados usando-se o Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Intervalos de confiança bootstrap foram estimados e prevalências estratificadas por sexo e nível socioeconômico no programa R. Foram incluídos 12.350 participantes das coortes. Episódio depressivo maior atual foi mais prevalente em adolescentes de São Luís (15,8%; IC95%: 14,8-16,8) e nos adultos de Ribeirão Preto (12,9%; IC95%: 12,0-13,9). As maiores prevalências para risco de suicídio ocorreram nos adultos de Ribeirão Preto (13,7%; IC95%:12,7-14,7), fobia social e ansiedade generalizada nos jovens de Pelotas com 7% (IC95%: 6,3-7,7) e 16,5% (IC95%: 15,4-17,5), respectivamente. As menores prevalências de risco de suicídio ocorreram nos jovens de Pelotas (8,8%; IC95%: 8,0-9,6), fobia social nos jovens de Ribeirão Preto (1,8%; IC95%: 1,5-2,2) e ansiedade generalizada nos adolescentes de São Luís (3,5%; IC95%: 3,0-4,0). Em geral, os transtornos mentais foram mais prevalentes nas mulheres e naqueles com menor nível socioeconômico, independentemente do centro e idade, reforçando a necessidade de maior investimento em saúde mental no Brasil, sem desconsiderar determinantes de gênero e socioeconômicos.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen: A pesar de que se reconozca que la depresión y ansiedad provoquen incapacidades, así como perjuicios laborales y problemas para los sistemas de salud, las investigaciones de base poblacional son escasas en Brasil. Este estudio evaluó la prevalencia de trastornos mentales en adolescentes, jóvenes y adultos, y su relación con características sociodemográficas en cinco cohortes de nacimiento (RPS), en Ribeirão Preto (São Paulo), Pelotas (Rio Grande do Sul) y São Luís (Maranhão), Brasil. Episodio depresivo, riesgo de suicidio, fobia social y trastorno de ansiedad generalizada se evaluaron usando el Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Se estimaron los intervalos de confianza bootstrap y las prevalencias fueron estratificadas por sexo y nivel socioeconómico en el programa R. Se incluyeron a 12.350 participantes de las cohortes. Un episodio actual depresivo mayor fue más prevalente en adolescentes de São Luís (15,8%; IC95%: 14,8-16,8) y en adultos de Ribeirão Preto (12,9%; IC95%: 12,0-13,9). Las mayores prevalencias para el riesgo de suicidio se produjeron en los adultos de Ribeirão Preto (13,7%; IC95%:12,7-14,7), fobia social y ansiedad generalizada en los jóvenes de Pelotas con 7% (IC95%: 6,3-7,7) y 16,5% (IC95%: 15,4-17,5), respectivamente. Las menores prevalencias de riesgo de suicidio se produjeron en los jóvenes de Pelotas (8,8%; IC95%: 8,0-9,6), fobia social en los jóvenes de Ribeirão Preto (1,8%; IC95%: 1,5-2,2) y ansiedad generalizada en los adolescentes de São Luís (3,5%; IC95%: 3,0-4,0). En general, los trastornos mentales fueron más prevalentes en las mujeres y en aquellos con menor nivel socioeconómico, independientemente del centro y edad, reforzando la necesidad de una mayor inversión en salud mental en Brasil, sin desconsiderar determinantes de género y socioeconómicos.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract: Although depression and anxiety are known to result in disabilities and workplace and health system losses, population-based studies on this problem are rare in Brazil. The current study assessed the prevalence of mental disorders in adolescents, youth, and adults and the relationship to sociodemographic characteristics in five birth cohorts (RPS) in Ribeirão Preto (São Paulo State), Pelotas (Rio Grande do Sul State), and São Luís (Maranhão State), Brazil. Major depressive episode, suicide risk, social phobia, and generalized anxiety disorder were assessed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Bootstrap confidence intervals were estimated and prevalence rates were stratified by sex and socioeconomic status in the R program. The study included 12,350 participants from the cohorts. Current major depressive episode was more prevalent in adolescents in São Luís (15.8%; 95%CI: 14.8-16.8) and adults in Ribeirão Preto (12.9%; 95%CI: 12.0-13.9). The highest prevalence rates for suicide risk were in adults in Ribeirão Preto (13.7%; 95%CI: 12.7-14.7), and the highest rates for social phobia and generalized anxiety were in youth in Pelotas, with 7% (95%CI: 6.3-7.7) and 16.5% (95%CI: 15.4-17.5), respectively. The lowest prevalence rates of suicide risk were in youth in Pelotas (8.8%; 95%CI: 8.0-9.6), social phobia in youth in Ribeirão Preto (1.8%; 95%CI: 1.5-2.2), and generalized anxiety in adolescents in São Luís (3.5%; 95%CI: 3.0-4.0). Mental disorders in general were more prevalent in women and in individuals with lower socioeconomic status, independently of the city and age, emphasizing the need for more investment in mental health in Brazil, including gender and socioeconomic determinants.

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          Most cited references50

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          Annual research review: A meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents.

          The literature on the prevalence of mental disorders affecting children and adolescents has expanded significantly over the last three decades around the world. Despite the field having matured significantly, there has been no meta-analysis to calculate a worldwide-pooled prevalence and to empirically assess the sources of heterogeneity of estimates.
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            Global Burden of Disease and the Impact of Mental and Addictive Disorders

            This contribution reviews the newest empirical evidence regarding the burden of mental and addictive disorders and weighs their importance for global health in the first decades of the twenty-first century.
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              A systematic review of reviews on the prevalence of anxiety disorders in adult populations

              Abstract Background A fragmented research field exists on the prevalence of anxiety disorders. Here, we present the results of a systematic review of reviews on this topic. We included the highest quality studies to inform practice and policy on this issue. Method Using PRISMA methodology, extensive electronic and manual citation searches were performed to identify relevant reviews. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were undertaken by two reviewers. Inclusion criteria consisted of systematic reviews or meta‐analyses on the prevalence of anxiety disorders that fulfilled at least half of the AMSTAR quality criteria. Results We identified a total of 48 reviews and described the prevalence of anxiety across population subgroups and settings, as reported by these studies. Despite the high heterogeneity of prevalence estimates across primary studies, there was emerging and compelling evidence of substantial prevalence of anxiety disorders generally (3.8–25%), and particularly in women (5.2–8.7%); young adults (2.5–9.1%); people with chronic diseases (1.4–70%); and individuals from Euro/Anglo cultures (3.8–10.4%) versus individuals from Indo/Asian (2.8%), African (4.4%), Central/Eastern European (3.2%), North African/Middle Eastern (4.9%), and Ibero/Latin cultures (6.2%). Conclusions The prevalence of anxiety disorders is high in population subgroups across the globe. Recent research has expanded its focus to Asian countries, an increasingly greater number of physical and psychiatric conditions, and traumatic events associated with anxiety. Further research on illness trajectories and anxiety levels pre‐ and post‐treatment is needed. Few studies have been conducted in developing and under‐developed parts of the world and have little representation in the global literature.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
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                Journal
                csp
                Cadernos de Saúde Pública
                Cad. Saúde Pública
                Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0102-311X
                1678-4464
                2020
                : 36
                : 2
                : e00154319
                Affiliations
                [2] São Luís orgnameUniversidade Federal do Maranhão orgdiv1Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde Brazil
                [6] Pelotas Rio Grande do Sul orgnameUniversidade Federal de Pelotas orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina Brazil
                [4] Ribeirão Preto orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Faculdade de Odontologia Brazil
                [1] Amazonas orgnameFundação Oswaldo Cruz orgdiv1Instituto Leônidas & Maria Deane Brazil
                [3] Ribeirão Preto orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto Brazil
                [5] Pelotas Rio Grande do Sul orgnameUniversidade Católica de Pelotas orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina Brazil
                Article
                S0102-311X2020000205001 S0102-311X(20)03600205001
                10.1590/0102-311x00154319
                32022176
                da2f25ae-309c-4e6d-9991-b0177b7f6a5d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 21 October 2019
                : 09 August 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 71, Pages: 0
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                SciELO Public Health

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                Fatores Socioeconômicos,Trastornos Mentales,Estudios de Cohortes,Factores Socioeconómicos,Género y Salud,Estadios del Ciclo de Vida,Transtornos Mentais,Estudos de Coortes,Gênero e Saúde,Estágios do Ciclo de Vida,Mental Disorders,Cohort Studies,Socioeconomic Factors,Gender and Health,Life Cycle Stages

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