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      Infección temprana de la malla quirúrgica en herniorrafia incisional. Incidencia, factores de riesgo y desenlaces en más de 60.000 pacientes Translated title: Early infection of the surgical mesh in incisional herniorrhaphy. Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes in more than 60,000 patients

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción. La infección de la malla en cirugía de reparación de hernias de pared abdominal es un desenlace pobre, asociado a un incremento en el riesgo de complicaciones. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la incidencia, los factores asociados y desenlaces en pacientes llevados a herniorrafia incisional con malla con posterior diagnóstico de infección temprana. Métodos. Estudio de cohorte retrospectiva. Se utilizaron los datos de egresos hospitalarios de la National Inpatient Sample (NIS) de los Estados Unidos de América para identificar a todos los pacientes adultos llevados a herniorrafia incisional durante los años 2010 a 2015. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística bivariada y multivariada para evaluar los factores de riesgo en infección temprana de la malla, y finalmente, modelos de regresión logística y lineal, según el tipo de variable dependiente, de tipo stepwise forward para evaluar la asociación entre el diagnóstico de infección de malla y los desenlaces adversos. Resultados. En total se incluyeron 63.925 pacientes. La incidencia de infección temprana de la malla fue de 0,59 %, encontrando como factores asociados: comorbilidades (obesidad, desnutrición proteico calórica, anemia carencial y depresión), factores clínico-quirúrgicos (adherencias peritoneales, resección intestinal, cirugía laparoscópica y complicaciones no infecciosas de la herida) y administrativos o asistenciales. Conclusiones. La infección temprana, aunque infrecuente, se asocia con un aumento significativo en el riesgo de complicaciones. La optimización prequirúrgica con base en los factores de riesgo para este desenlace nefasto es un elemento clave para la reducción de la incidencia y mitigación del impacto de la infección en los pacientes con herniorrafía incisional con malla.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction. Mesh infection in abdominal wall hernia repair surgery has poor outcome, associated with an increased risk of complications. The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence, associated factors, and outcomes in patients undergoing incisional herniorrhaphy with mesh and subsequent diagnosis of early infection. Methods. Retrospective cohort study. Hospital discharge data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) of the United States of America were used to identify all adult patients undergoing incisional herniorrhaphy during the years 2010 to 2015. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate risk factors in early mesh infection, and finally, logistic and linear regression models, according to the type of dependent variable, of the stepwise forward type to evaluate the association between the diagnosis of mesh infection and adverse outcomes. Results. A total of 63,925 patients were included. The incidence of early infection of the mesh was 0.59%, finding as associated factors: comorbidities (obesity, protein-caloric malnutrition, deficiency anemia and depression), clinical-surgical factors (peritoneal adhesions, intestinal resection, laparoscopic surgery and surgical site complications) and administrative or healthcare. Conclusions. Early infection, although rare, is associated with a significantly increased risk of complications. Pre-surgical optimization based on risk factors for this poor outcome is a key element in reducing the incidence and mitigating the impact of infection in patients with mesh incisional herniorrhaphy.

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            Folk wisdom has long suggested that stressful events take a toll on health. The field of psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is now providing key mechanistic evidence about the ways in which stressors--and the negative emotions that they generate--can be translated into physiological changes. PNI researchers have used animal and human models to learn how the immune system communicates bidirectionally with the central nervous and endocrine systems and how these interactions impact on health.
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              Immune Dysfunction as a Cause and Consequence of Malnutrition

              Malnutrition, which encompasses under- and overnutrition, is responsible for an enormous morbidity and mortality burden globally. Malnutrition results from disordered nutrient assimilation but is also characterized by recurrent infections and chronic inflammation, implying an underlying immune defect. Defects emerge before birth via modifications in the immunoepigenome of malnourished parents, and these may contribute to intergenerational cycles of malnutrition. This review summarizes key recent studies from experimental animals, in vitro models, and human cohorts, and proposes that immune dysfunction is both a cause and a consequence of malnutrition. Focusing on childhood undernutrition, we highlight gaps in current understanding of immune dysfunction in malnutrition, with a view to therapeutically targeting immune pathways as a novel means to reduce morbidity and mortality.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rcci
                Revista Colombiana de Cirugía
                rev. colomb. cir.
                Asociación Colombiana de Cirugía (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                2011-7582
                2619-6107
                April 2022
                : 37
                : 2
                : 194-205
                Affiliations
                [4] Floridablanca orgnameFundación Cardiovascular de Colombia Colombia
                [3] Bucaramanga Santander orgnameUniversidad Industrial de Santander Colombia
                [1] Bucaramanga Santander orgnameUniversidad Industrial de Santander Colombia
                [2] Bucaramanga Santander orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga Colombia
                Article
                S2011-75822022000200194 S2011-7582(22)03700200194
                10.30944/20117582.1119
                da243e9b-e01d-4b0f-b083-0c149354d37e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 14 November 2021
                : 15 August 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 57, Pages: 12
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Artículos originales

                incidencia,factores de riesgo,complicaciones postoperatorias,incisional hernia,herniorrhaphy,incidence,risk factors,postoperative complications,hernia incisional,herniorrafia

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