O impacto da doença de Alzheimer nas relações intergeracionais

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Abstract

Este estudo investigou, na perspectiva de 24 filhas cuidadoras de seus pais/mães com provável/possível diagnóstico da doença de Alzheimer (DA), o relacionamento entre eles e seus filhos (netos dos portadores). Foram utilizadas uma entrevista com roteiro semiestruturado e o FAST (Family System Test), que analisou a coesão e a hierarquia nas relações. Verificou-se que nas representações atuais das relações intergeracionais a coesão das filhas cuidadoras com seus filhos foi significativamente maior do que a coesão destes com as avós portadoras da DA. Também os netos apresentavam uma maior hierarquia em relação às portadoras da doença nas situações atual e ideal. Concluiu-se que, com a DA, os papéis de avós, de mães e de netos sofreram mudanças que precisaram ser reavaliadas.

Translated abstract

This study investigated, on the perspective of 24 caregiver daughters, caretakers of their fathers/mothers with a probable/possible diagnosis for Alzheimer's Disease (AD), the relationship among them and the children of the caregiver (grandchildren of the AD sufferer). The employed tools were an open interview with a semi-structured script, and FAST (Family System Test), which analyzed the linking and the hierarchy of the relations. The results pointed that in the current representations of the intergenerational relationship, the linking of the caretaking mother to her children was significantly greater than the linking of these with their AD sufferer grandmothers. It was also verified that the grandchildren showed a higher hierarchy towards the disease's sufferer in the current and ideal family situations. It was concluded that with the onset of AD the roles of grandmothers, mothers and grandchildren suffered changes that needed to be reevaluated.

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Most cited references 12

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Family caregiving: the positive impact on adolescent relationships.

D Beach (1997)

Adult children are a significant contingent of elder care providers; a number of these individuals simultaneously care for children of their own while coping with caregiving commitments. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of information regarding the caregiving impact on these children and young adults. Moreover, the possible positive consequences of caring for an impaired elder are rarely mentioned. The current study was undertaken to examine the potential positive caregiving experiences of adolescents and their perceptions of relational enhancement as a result of caregiving. Twenty adolescents aged 14-18 were interviewed and asked a series of semistructured questions concerning satisfaction related to caregiving. To be included, respondents had to be a child, grandchild, or niece/nephew of an Alzheimer's (or Alzheimer's Type Dementia) patient cared for by the adolescent's immediate family. Employing features of content analysis methodology, all interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. The results merged into four primary categories: 1) increased sibling activity/sharing; 2) greater empathy for older adults; 3) significant mother-adolescent bonding and 4) peer relationship selection and maintenance. The implications for future research and practice are discussed.