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      Diagnóstico del vaso coronario enfermo por calcio score en pacientes con dolor torácico Translated title: Diagnosis of the diseased coronary vessel by calcium score in patients with chest pain

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: la enfermedad de vasos coronarios constituye una de las principales causas de muerte a nivel mundial. El calcio score por tomografía cardíaca es una valiosa herramienta para su diagnóstico. Objetivo: describir el resultado del empleo del calcio score en el diagnóstico de los vasos coronarios enfermos. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en el Hospital Provincial Universitario Cardiocentro “Ernesto Guevara” de Santa Clara en 2019. La población estuvo conformada por 820 pacientes con dolor torácico atendidos en el Servicio de Tomografía y la muestra por 246 seleccionados por muestreo aleatorio simple. Se solicitó consentimiento informado y se realizaron anamnesis, examen físico y calcio score coronario. En el análisis estadístico se empleó la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis para comparar las variables descriptoras del calcio score en los cuatro vasos coronarios y la prueba de la U de Mann-Whitney (penalizada por el método de Bonferroni). Resultados: el 61,4% de los investigados tuvieron edades superiores a los 60 años, el 65,9% eran masculinos, el 78,1% tuvo algún factor de riesgo y la hipertensión arterial fue la más frecuente (68,7%). Fue más usual el diagnóstico de enfermedad multivaso (42,28%) y la arteria descendente anterior la más afectada (41,46%). Hubo diferencias significativas entre los rangos medios para el número de lesiones en los vasos con una mediana de tres para la descendente anterior y para la coronaria derecha. Conclusión: con el calcio score se pudo diagnosticar la enfermedad de vaso coronario en la mayoría de los pacientes con dolor torácico.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: coronary artery disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. A valuable tool for its diagnosis is calcium score by cardiac tomography. Objective: to describe the results of the use of calcium scoring in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at the Cardiocentro “Ernesto Che Guevara” of Santa Clara in 2019. The population consisted of 820 patients with chest pain attended at the tomography service and the sample consisted of 246 patients selected by simple random sampling. A request for informed consent was made and anamnesis, physical examination and coronary calcium score were performed. In the statistical analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the variables describing the calcium score in the four coronary vessels and the Mann-Whitney U test (penalized by the Bonferroni method). Results: 61.4% of those investigated were over 60 years of age, 65.9% were male, 78.1% had some risk factor and arterial hypertension was the most frequent (68.7%). The most common diagnosis was multivessel disease (42.28%) and the anterior descending artery was the most affected (41.46%). There were significant differences between the mean ranges for the number of lesions in the vessels with a median of three for the anterior descending and right coronary arteries. Conclusion: the calcium score was able to diagnose coronary vessel disease in the majority of patients with chest pain.

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          Comparison of cardiac computed tomography angiography and transoesophageal echocardiography for device surveillance after left atrial appendage closure.

          Device surveillance after left atrial appendage (LAA) closure (LAAC) is important to assess device positioning, peri-device leak (PDL) and device-related thrombus (DRT). There are limited data on the role of cardiac CT angiography (CCTA) after LAAC. We therefore sought to compare CCTA to transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in patients who successfully underwent LAAC.
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            Combined Coronary CT-Angiography and TAVI-Planning: A Contrast-Neutral Routine Approach for Ruling-Out Significant Coronary Artery Disease

            Background: Significant coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common finding in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Assessment of CAD prior to TAVI is recommended by current guidelines and is mainly performed via invasive coronary angiography (ICA). In this study we analyzed the ability of coronary CT-angiography (cCTA) to rule out significant CAD (stenosis ≥ 50%) during routine pre-TAVI evaluation in patients with high pre-test probability for CAD. Methods: In total, 460 consecutive patients undergoing pre-TAVI CT (mean age 79.6 ± 7.4 years) were included. All patients were examined with a retrospectively ECG-gated CT-scan of the heart, followed by a high-pitch-scan of the vascular access route utilizing a single intravenous bolus of 70 mL iodinated contrast medium. Images were evaluated for image quality, calcifications, and significant CAD; CT-examinations in which CAD could not be ruled out were defined as positive (CAD+). Routinely, patients received ICA (388/460; 84.3%; Group A), which was omitted if renal function was impaired and CAD was ruled out on cCTA (Group B). Following TAVI, clinical events were documented during the hospital stay. Results: cCTA was negative for CAD in 40.2% (188/460). Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV in Group A were 97.8%, 45.2%, 49.6%, and 97.4%, respectively. Median coronary artery calcium score (CAC) was higher in CAD+-patients but did not have predictive value for correct classification of patients with cCTA. There were no significant differences in clinical events between Group A and B. Conclusion: cCTA can be incorporated into pre-TAVI CT-evaluation with no need for additional contrast medium. cCTA may exclude significant CAD in a relatively high percentage of these high-risk patients. Thereby, cCTA may have the potential to reduce the need for ICA and total amount of contrast medium applied, possibly making pre-procedural evaluation for TAVI safer and faster.
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              Computed tomography imaging-based normative orbital measurement in Indian population

              Purpose: This study aims to evaluate normal orbital structures with nonenhanced computed tomography (NCCT) and determine normative data for the Indian population. Methods: CT images of the orbits of 100 patients were retrospectively reviewed on a work station to record the normative data of the orbits. Clinical details of all patients were reviewed to ensure that they did not have ocular/orbital diseases. Both axial and coronal images were utilized to record the data. Results: The mean age of the population evaluated was 34.07 years, with male to female ratio of 1.77. The average orbital index for the left orbit was 97 and for the right side was 103. The mean thickness of left inferior rectus, lateral rectus, medial rectus, and the superior rectus was 3.36 mm, 3.14 mm, 3.80 mm, and 3.75 mm, respectively. The right inferior rectus, lateral rectus, medial rectus, and the superior rectus measured 3.46 mm, 3.14 mm, 3.83 mm, and 3.78 mm, respectively. The optic nerve sheath complex diameter varied between 3.05 mm and 7.17 mm for the left eye and 3.05 mm and 7.0 mm for the right eye. Conclusion: The study provides normative data on various orbital structures in an Indian population. This data is likely to be useful for diagnosing various orbital pathologies and in planning surgical orbital procedures.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                amdc
                Acta Médica del Centro
                Acta méd centro
                Hospital Provincial Clínico Quirúrgico Universitario Arnaldo Milián Castro (Santa Clara, , Cuba )
                2709-7927
                September 2023
                : 17
                : 3
                : 462-472
                Affiliations
                [3] Santa Clara Villa Clara orgnameUniversidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara Cuba
                [1] Santa Clara Villa Clara orgnameHospital Provincial Universitario Cardiocentro “Ernesto Cuba
                [2] Santa Clara Villa Clara orgnameHospital Provincial Psiquiátrico “Dr. Luis San Juan Pérez” Cuba
                Article
                S2709-79272023000300462 S2709-7927(23)01700300462
                d86b0f34-edf6-4293-bf0c-f03f5e0f69a8

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 25 January 2023
                : 02 March 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 17, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS ORIGINALES

                thoracic pain,coronary artery disease,soccer score,diagnosis,dolor torácico,enfermedad de arterias coronarias,calcio score,diagnóstico

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