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      Prevalence of mental health problems in frontline healthcare workers after the first outbreak of COVID-19 in China: a cross-sectional study

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          Abstract

          Background

          More than 210,000 medical workers have fought against the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hubei in China since December 2019. However, the prevalence of mental health problems in frontline medical staff after fighting COVID-19 is still unknown.

          Methods

          Medical workers in Wuhan and other cities in Hubei Province were invited to participate a cross-sectional and convenience sampling online survey, which assessed the prevalence of anxiety, insomnia, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

          Results

          A total of 1,091 responses (33% male and 67% female) were valid for statistical analysis. The prevalence was anxiety 53%, insomnia 79%, depression 56%, and PTSD 11%. Healthcare workers in Wuhan were more likely to face risks of anxiety (56% vs. 52%, P = 0.03) and PTSD (15% vs. 9%, P = 0.03) than those in other cities of Hubei. In terms of educational attainment, those with doctoral and masters’ (D/M) degrees may experience more anxiety (median of 7.0, [interquartile range (IQR) 2.0–8.5] vs. median 5.0 [IQR 5.0–8.0], P = 0.02) and PTSD (median 26.0 [IQR 19.5–33.0] vs. median 23.0 [IQR 19.0–31.0], P = 0.04) than those with lower educational degrees.

          Conclusions

          The mental problems were an important issue for the healthcare workers after COVID-19. Thus, an early intervention on such mental problems is necessary for healthcare workers.

          Supplementary Information

          The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12955-021-01743-7.

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          Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019

          Jianbo Lai, Simeng Ma, Ying Wang … (2020)
          Key Points Question What factors are associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers in China who are treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)? Findings In this cross-sectional study of 1257 health care workers in 34 hospitals equipped with fever clinics or wards for patients with COVID-19 in multiple regions of China, a considerable proportion of health care workers reported experiencing symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress, especially women, nurses, those in Wuhan, and front-line health care workers directly engaged in diagnosing, treating, or providing nursing care to patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. Meaning These findings suggest that, among Chinese health care workers exposed to COVID-19, women, nurses, those in Wuhan, and front-line health care workers have a high risk of developing unfavorable mental health outcomes and may need psychological support or interventions.
          Article 0 comments Cited 3435 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science

            Emily A. Holmes, Rory C O'Connor, V. Perry … (2020)
            Summary The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is having a profound effect on all aspects of society, including mental health and physical health. We explore the psychological, social, and neuroscientific effects of COVID-19 and set out the immediate priorities and longer-term strategies for mental health science research. These priorities were informed by surveys of the public and an expert panel convened by the UK Academy of Medical Sciences and the mental health research charity, MQ: Transforming Mental Health, in the first weeks of the pandemic in the UK in March, 2020. We urge UK research funding agencies to work with researchers, people with lived experience, and others to establish a high level coordination group to ensure that these research priorities are addressed, and to allow new ones to be identified over time. The need to maintain high-quality research standards is imperative. International collaboration and a global perspective will be beneficial. An immediate priority is collecting high-quality data on the mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic across the whole population and vulnerable groups, and on brain function, cognition, and mental health of patients with COVID-19. There is an urgent need for research to address how mental health consequences for vulnerable groups can be mitigated under pandemic conditions, and on the impact of repeated media consumption and health messaging around COVID-19. Discovery, evaluation, and refinement of mechanistically driven interventions to address the psychological, social, and neuroscientific aspects of the pandemic are required. Rising to this challenge will require integration across disciplines and sectors, and should be done together with people with lived experience. New funding will be required to meet these priorities, and it can be efficiently leveraged by the UK's world-leading infrastructure. This Position Paper provides a strategy that may be both adapted for, and integrated with, research efforts in other countries.
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              Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis

              Sofia Pappa, Vasiliki Ntella, Timoleon Giannakas … (2020)
              Highlights • At least one in five healthcare professionals report symptoms of depression and anxiety. • Almost four in 10 healthcare workers experience sleeping difficulties and/or insomnia. • Rates of anxiety and depression were higher for female healthcare workers and nursing staff. • Milder mood symptoms are common and screening should aim to identify mild and sub-threshold syndromes.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Wen-Ping Guo: 286058258@qq.com
                Qing Min: baimin0628@163.com
                Wei-Wei Gu: 273610145@qq.com
                Liang Yu: 52659346@qq.com
                Xiao Xiao: 843335150@qq.com
                Wei-Bing Yi: 390084328@qq.com
                Hong-Liang Li: 904709291@qq.com
                Bei Huang: 37984958@qq.com
                Jun-Li Li: 463520292@qq.com
                Ya-Jun Dai: daiyajun0408@163.com
                Jian Xia: jianjian_1998@sina.com
                Jie Liu: 28799898@qq.com
                Bei Li: 578988795@qq.com
                Ben-Hong Zhou: benhongzh@163.com
                Minglun Li: minglun.li@med.uni-muenchen.de
                Hong-Xi Xu: xuhongxi88@gmail.com
                Xuan-Bin Wang:
                ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0769-2874
                wangxb@hbmu.edu.cn
                Wen-Yuan Shi: 470803618@qq.com
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Health Qual Life Outcomes
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Health Qual Life Outcomes
                Title: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes
                Publisher: BioMed Central (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1477-7525
                Publication date (Electronic): 22 March 2021
                Publication date PMC-release: 22 March 2021
                Publication date Collection: 2021
                Volume: 19
                Electronic Location Identifier: 103
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.443573.2, ISNI 0000 0004 1799 2448, Renmin Hospital at Intensive Care Unit, Emergency Room, Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology of Oncology Center, and Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research; Biomedical Research Institute; School of Basic Medicine, , Hubei University of Medicine, ; Shiyan, 442000 Hubei Province China
                [2 ]GRID grid.412540.6, ISNI 0000 0001 2372 7462, Shuguang Hospital; School of Pharmacy, , Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ; 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203 China
                [3 ]GRID grid.470508.e, ISNI 0000 0004 4677 3586, School of Pharmacy, , Hubei University of Science and Technology, ; 88 Xianning Road, Xianning, 437100 Hubei Province China
                [4 ]Shiyan Center for Disease Prevention and Control, 86 Tianjin Road, Shiyan, 442000 Hubei Province China
                [5 ]GRID grid.508021.e, Department of Pharmacy and Department of Spleen-Stomach, , Xiaogan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ; 249 Huaiyin Road, Xiaogan, 432000 Hubei Province China
                [6 ]GRID grid.257143.6, ISNI 0000 0004 1772 1285, Xiangyang Hospital, , Hubei University of Medicine, ; 15 Jiefang Road, Xiangyang, 441000 Hubei Province China
                [7 ]GRID grid.49470.3e, ISNI 0000 0001 2331 6153, Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital, , Wuhan University, ; 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071 Hubei Province China
                [8 ]GRID grid.49470.3e, ISNI 0000 0001 2331 6153, Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, , Wuhan University, ; 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060 China
                [9 ]GRID grid.5252.0, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 973X, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, , LMU Munich, ; Marchioninistraße 15, Munich, 81377 Germany
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0769-2874
                Article
                Publisher ID: 1743
                DOI: 10.1186/s12955-021-01743-7
                PMC ID: 7983094
                PubMed ID: 33752686
                SO-VID: d7bdca19-ada2-4cb9-8dcd-ca3fc7f4a8e8
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2021
                License:

                Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

                History
                Date received : 9 November 2020
                Date accepted : 11 March 2021
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Natural Science Foundation of China;
                Award ID: 8174356
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Open Project of Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research (Hubei University of Medicine)
                Award ID: WDCM2018002
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Open Project of Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research (Hubei University of Medicine)
                Award ID: WDCM2018002;WDCM2019017;WDCM2019018
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: the Key Discipline Project of Hubei University of Medicine, and the Foundation for Innovative Research Team of Hubei University of Medicine
                Award ID: 2018YHKT01
                Award Recipient :
                Categories
                Subject: Research
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2021

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Health & Social care
                Keywords: coronavirus disease 2019,healthcare workers,mental health outcome,anxiety,insomnia,depression,post-traumatic stress disorder
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Health & Social care
                Keywords: coronavirus disease 2019, healthcare workers, mental health outcome, anxiety, insomnia, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder

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