Advancing Adolescent and Young Adult HIV Prevention and Care and Treatment Through Use of Multi-level Theories and Frameworks: A Scoping Review and Adapted HIV Ecological Framework

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Abstract

While multi-level theories and frameworks have become a cornerstone in broader efforts to address HIV inequities, little is known regarding their application in adolescent and young adult (AYA) HIV research. To address this gap, we conducted a scoping review to assess the use and application of multi-level theories and frameworks in AYA HIV prevention and care and treatment empirical research. We systematically searched five databases for articles published between 2010 and May 2020, screened abstracts, and reviewed eligible full-text articles for inclusion. Of the 5890 citations identified, 1706 underwent full-text review and 88 met the inclusion criteria: 70 focused on HIV prevention, with only 14 on care and treatment, 2 on both HIV prevention and care and treatment, and 2 on HIV-affected AYA. Most authors described the theory-based multi-level framework as informing their data analysis, with only 12 describing it as informing/guiding an intervention. More than seventy different multi-level theories were described, with 38% utilizing socio-ecological models or the eco-developmental theory. Findings were used to inform the adaptation of an AYA World Health Organization multi-level framework specifically to guide AYA HIV research.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Julie A. Denison:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4670-093X

jdenison@jhu.edu

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): AIDS Behav

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): AIDS Behav

Title: AIDS and Behavior

Publisher: Springer US (New York )

ISSN (Print): 1090-7165

ISSN (Electronic): 1573-3254

Publication date (Electronic): 14 February 2024

Publication date PMC-release: 14 February 2024

Publication date (Print): 2024

Volume: 28

Issue: 5

Pages: 1694-1707

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.21107.35, ISNI 0000 0001 2171 9311, Department of International Health, , Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, ; 615 N. Wolfe Street. Room E5546, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA

[2 ]GRID grid.21107.35, ISNI 0000 0001 2171 9311, Department of Epidemiology, , Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, ; Baltimore, MD USA

[3 ]GRID grid.21107.35, ISNI 0000 0001 2171 9311, Department of Pediatrics, , Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, ; Baltimore, MD USA

[4 ]GRID grid.21107.35, ISNI 0000 0001 2171 9311, Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, , Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, ; Baltimore, MD USA

[5 ]GRID grid.21107.35, ISNI 0000 0001 2171 9311, Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, ; Baltimore, MD USA

[6 ]Adult Clinical Branch, Office of HIV/AIDS, United States Agency for International Development, ( https://ror.org/01n6e6j62) Washington, DC USA

[7 ]HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, ( https://ror.org/04aqjf708) New York, US

Author information

Julie A. Denison http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4670-093X

Article

Publisher ID: 4255

DOI: 10.1007/s10461-023-04255-1

PMC ID: 11069483

PubMed ID: 38351279

SO-VID: d7b63fa0-6a1a-46cf-a0bd-c8f2fdb817f9

License:

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