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      A Review of Optical Coherence Elastography: Fundamentals, Techniques and Prospects

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          Biological materials: Structure and mechanical properties

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            Balancing forces: architectural control of mechanotransduction.

            All cells exist within the context of a three-dimensional microenvironment in which they are exposed to mechanical and physical cues. These cues can be disrupted through perturbations to mechanotransduction, from the nanoscale-level to the tissue-level, which compromises tensional homeostasis to promote pathologies such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. The mechanisms of such perturbations suggest that a complex interplay exists between the extracellular microenvironment and cellular function. Furthermore, sustained disruptions in tensional homeostasis can be caused by alterations in the extracellular matrix, allowing it to serve as a mechanically based memory-storage device that can perpetuate a disease or restore normal tissue behaviour.
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              Elastography: a quantitative method for imaging the elasticity of biological tissues.

              J Ophir (1991)
              We describe a new method for quantitative imaging of strain and elastic modulus distributions in soft tissues. The method is based on external tissue compression, with subsequent computation of the strain profile along the transducer axis, which is derived from cross-correlation analysis of pre- and post-compression A-line pairs. The strain profile can then be converted to an elastic modulus profile by measuring the stresses applied by the compressing device and applying certain corrections for the nonuniform stress field. We report initial results of several phantom and excised animal tissue experiments which demonstrate the ability of this technique to quantitatively image strain and elastic modulus distributions with good resolution, sensitivity and with diminished speckle. We discuss several potential clinical uses of this technique.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics
                IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.
                Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
                1077-260X
                1558-4542
                March 2014
                March 2014
                : 20
                : 2
                : 272-288
                Article
                10.1109/JSTQE.2013.2291445
                d6459fc4-d5ee-4a43-b3a3-5ef02d31ce82
                © 2014
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