13
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      INTRA- AND INTER-OBSERVER AGREEMENT IN THE AO AND GARNAVOS SYSTEMS FOR DIAPHYSEAL HUMERUS FRACTURE Translated title: CONCORDÂNCIA INTRA E INTEROBSERVADOR DOS SISTEMAS AO E GARNAVOS NA FRATURA DA DIÁFISE DO ÚMERO

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          ABSTRACT

          Objective:

          The objective of this study was to compare inter- and intra-observer agreement using the Garnavos and AO/ASIF systems for classifying humeral diaphysis fractures .

          Methods:

          Eighty X-ray images taken of humeral diaphysis fractures in adult patients (age≥18 years) between January 2013 and September 2015 in the Radiology Department of Hospital São Paulo were selected for subsequent classification by five orthopedic surgeons with differing levels of experience. The images were examined at two different times and reproducibility analysis was evaluated using Fleiss’ kappa to verify intra- and inter-observer agreement .

          Results:

          High-level agreement was observed for both classification systems, but particularly for the AO/ASIF classification. Inter-observer evaluation yielded excellent levels of agreement for both classifications, but principally for the Garnavos classification .

          Conclusions:

          Good or excellent inter- and intra-observer agreement was seen for both the AO/ASIF and Garnavos classification systems. However, intra-observer agreement was higher for the AO/ASIF system and inter-observer agreement was higher for the Garnavos classification. Level of Evidence II, Diagnostic Studies - Investigating a Diagnostic Examination.

          RESUMO

          Objetivo:

          Averiguar a superioridade da concordância inter e intraobservadores do sistema de classificação Garnavos com relação ao sistema AO/ASIF para as fraturas diafisárias do úmero.

          Métodos:

          Foram selecionadas 80 radiografias com fraturas da diáfise do úmero de pacientes adultos (idade ≥ 18 anos) no período de janeiro/2013 a setembro/2015, no Departamento de Radiologia do Hospital São Paulo. Essas radiografias foram classificadas por cinco ortopedistas com diferentes níveis de experiência. Foram examinadas em dois momentos distintos e a análise da reprodutibilidade foi avaliada pelo índice Kappa de Fleiss para verificar a concordância intra e interobservadores.

          Resultados:

          Foram obtidas concordâncias intraobservadores de alto nível, tanto para a classificação AO/ASIF quanto para a Garnavos, especialmente para a classificação AO/ASIF. A avaliação interobservadores apresentou níveis de concordância excelentes para ambas as classificações, principalmente para a classificação Garnavos.

          Conclusões:

          Observamos concordância intra e interobservadores boa ou excelente tanto para o sistema de classificação AO/ASIF e quanto para o sistema de Garnavos. No entanto, houve maior concordância intraobservador na classificação AO/ASIF e concordância elevada interobservador na classificação de Garnavos. Nível de Evidencia II, Estudos Diagnósticos - Investigação de um Exame para Diagnóstico.

          Related collections

          Most cited references22

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Epidemiology of humerus fractures in the United States: nationwide emergency department sample, 2008.

          To evaluate the occurrence of emergency department (ED) visits due to humerus fractures in the US. We analyzed the 2008 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample, which contained approximately 28 million ED records. We identified the cases of interest using diagnostic codes for proximal, shaft, and distal humerus fractures. In 2008, approximately 370,000 ED visits in the US resulted from humerus fractures. Proximal humerus fractures were the most common, accounting for 50% of humerus fractures. The incidence rate of proximal humerus fractures followed the shape of an exponential function in the age groups 40-84 years for women (R(2) = 97.9%) and 60-89 years for men (R(2) = 98.2%). After the exponential increase in these age intervals, the growth rate of proximal humerus fracture slowed and eventually decreased. The peak occurrence of distal humerus fractures was in children ages 5-9 years; however, elderly women had an increased risk. As the baby boomer generation ages, unless fracture prevention programs improve, more than 490,000 ED visits due to humerus fractures are expected in 2030 when the youngest of the baby boomers turn age 65 years. Compared to epidemiologic studies in Japan and European countries, the incidence rates of humerus fractures are substantially higher in the US. The high incidence rate of humerus fractures in the expanding elderly population may contribute to the recent trend of rapid increase in shoulder arthroplasty in the US. Rigorous safety measures to reduce falls and improved preventive treatments of osteoporosis are needed. Copyright © 2012 by the American College of Rheumatology.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Fractures of the shaft of the humerus. An epidemiological study of 401 fractures.

            We studied the epidemiology of 401 fractures of the shaft of the humerus in 397 patients aged 16 years or older. The incidence was 14.5 per 100,000 per year with a gradually increasing age-specific incidence from the fifth decade, reaching almost 60 per 100, 000 per year in the ninth decade. Most were closed fractures in elderly patients which had been sustained as the result of a simple fall. The age distribution in women was characterised by a peak in the eighth decade while that in men was more even. Simple fractures were by far the most common and most were located in the middle or proximal shaft. The incidence of palsy of the radial nerve was 8% and fractures in the middle and distal shaft were most likely to be responsible. Only 2% of the fractures were open and 8% were pathological. These figures are representative of a population with a low incidence of high-energy and penetrating trauma, which probably reflects the situation in most European countries.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              A concept for the validation of fracture classifications.

              The fracture classification systems currently used most frequently were not developed or validated by rigorous scientific evaluation methods. This paper discusses the classification of fractures from an epidemiological and clinical decision-making perspective and proposes a standardized methodological concept for their development and scientific validation. Classification categories are clinically relevant entities that surgeons should be able to use for diagnosis with sufficient confidence to limit misclassification and associated treatment errors. The process of validation should assess the value of specific clinical information (eg, the use of radiographs or computed tomography scans) in increasing the probability of a correct diagnosis. A 3-phase validation concept is proposed where: 1) classification categories are defined and the classification process using specific diagnostic images is evaluated by experts in a series of agreement studies (reliability, accuracy, likelihood ratios); 2) a multicenter agreement study is conducted among a representative group of future users of the classification; and 3) the classification proposal is applied in the context of a prospective clinical study to assess its clinical usefulness.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Acta Ortop Bras
                Acta Ortop Bras
                aob
                Acta Ortopedica Brasileira
                ATHA EDITORA
                1413-7852
                1809-4406
                Jul-Aug 2017
                Jul-Aug 2017
                : 25
                : 4
                : 159-161
                Affiliations
                [1 ]. Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shoulder and Elbow Orthopedics Division, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Rua Borges Lagoa, 783, 5o andar, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 04038-032. betoepm@ 123456gmail.com

                All authors declare no potential conflict of interest related to this article

                AUTHORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS:Each author made significant individual contributions to this manuscript. RMN (0000-0002-5023-0627)*, RYM (0000-0003-0414-5752)*, and AYU (0000-0002-6320-9659)* were the main contributors to writing the manuscript. RMN and FTM (0000-0001-7328-1446)* were responsible for collecting the imaging tests for evaluation and collecting the clinical data. RMN, RYM, and AYU evaluated the data for the statistical analysis and revised the manuscript. RMN, RYM, AYU, RP (0000-0002-1745-4362)*, FTM, and MJST (0000-0002-9539-4545)* evaluated and classified the X-ray images, conducted the bibliographic research, and contributed to the intellectual concept of the study. *ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID).

                Article
                10.1590/1413-785220172504169249
                5608732
                28955174
                d5b56b71-7313-47b9-b46f-2b65df1c42d3

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License

                History
                : 13 September 2016
                : 24 March 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 2, Equations: 0, References: 21, Pages: 3
                Categories
                Original Articles

                humeral fractures/classification,adult,orthopedics
                humeral fractures/classification, adult, orthopedics

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_
                0
                0
                0
                0
                Smart Citations
                0
                0
                0
                0
                Citing PublicationsSupportingMentioningContrasting
                View Citations

                See how this article has been cited at scite.ai

                scite shows how a scientific paper has been cited by providing the context of the citation, a classification describing whether it supports, mentions, or contrasts the cited claim, and a label indicating in which section the citation was made.

                Similar content167

                Most referenced authors243