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      Organizational citizenship behavior and workplace deviance: The role of affect and cognitions.

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      Journal of Applied Psychology
      American Psychological Association (APA)

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          Feeling good-doing good: a conceptual analysis of the mood at work-organizational spontaneity relationship.

          Five forms of organizational spontaneity are described (helping co-workers, protecting the organization, making constructive suggestions, developing oneself, and spreading goodwill). Organizational spontaneity is compared with the seemingly analogous constructs of organizational citizenship behavior and prosocial organizational behavior. Based on a selective review of the literature, a multilevel model of spontaneity is presented. Positive mood at work is a pivotal construct in the model and posited as the direct precursor of organizational spontaneity. Primary work-group characteristics, the affective tone of the primary work group, affective disposition, life event history, and contextual characteristics are proposed to have direct or indirect effects, or both, on positive mood at work. Motivational bases of organizational spontaneity also are described. The model and its implications are discussed.
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            Phenomenology, behaviors, and goals differentiate discrete emotions.

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              All Negative Moods Are Not Equal: Motivational Influences of Anxiety and Sadness on Decision Making.

              Affective states of the same valence may have distinct, yet predictable, influences on decision processes. Results from three experiments show that, in gambling decisions, as well as in job-selection decisions, sad individuals are biased in favor of high-risk/high-reward options, whereas anxious individuals are biased in favor of low-risk/low-reward options. We argue that these biases occur because anxiety and sadness convey distinct types of information to the decision-maker and prime different goals. While anxiety primes an implicit goal of uncertainty reduction, sadness primes an implicit goal of reward replacement. We offer that these motivational influences operate through an active process of feeling monitoring, whereby anxious or sad individuals think about the options and ask themselves, "What would I feel better about ellipsis?" Copyright 1999 Academic Press.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal of Applied Psychology
                Journal of Applied Psychology
                American Psychological Association (APA)
                1939-1854
                0021-9010
                2002
                2002
                : 87
                : 1
                : 131-142
                Article
                10.1037/0021-9010.87.1.131
                d5280012-deeb-4d21-86b3-739ae01bd53a
                © 2002
                History

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