The evolving landscape of salivary gland tumors

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Abstract

Salivary gland cancers are a rare, histologically diverse group of tumors. They range from indolent to aggressive and can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment, but radiation and systemic therapy are also critical parts of the care paradigm. Given the rarity and heterogeneity of these cancers, they are best managed in a multidisciplinary program. In this review, the authors highlight standards of care as well as exciting new research for salivary gland cancers that will strive for better patient outcomes.

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Involvement of PD-L1 on tumor cells in the escape from host immune system and tumor immunotherapy by PD-L1 blockade.

Y Iwai, M. Ishida, Y. Tanaka … (2002)

PD-1 is a receptor of the Ig superfamily that negatively regulates T cell antigen receptor signaling by interacting with the specific ligands (PD-L) and is suggested to play a role in the maintenance of self-tolerance. In the present study, we examined possible roles of the PD-1/PD-L system in tumor immunity. Transgenic expression of PD-L1, one of the PD-L, in P815 tumor cells rendered them less susceptible to the specific T cell antigen receptor-mediated lysis by cytotoxic T cells in vitro, and markedly enhanced their tumorigenesis and invasiveness in vivo in the syngeneic hosts as compared with the parental tumor cells that lacked endogenous PD-L. Both effects could be reversed by anti-PD-L1 Ab. Survey of murine tumor lines revealed that all of the myeloma cell lines examined naturally expressed PD-L1. Growth of the myeloma cells in normal syngeneic mice was inhibited significantly albeit transiently by the administration of anti-PD-L1 Ab in vivo and was suppressed completely in the syngeneic PD-1-deficient mice. These results suggest that the expression of PD-L1 can serve as a potent mechanism for potentially immunogenic tumors to escape from host immune responses and that blockade of interaction between PD-1 and PD-L may provide a promising strategy for specific tumor immunotherapy.

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Association of tumour mutational burden with outcomes in patients with advanced solid tumours treated with pembrolizumab: prospective biomarker analysis of the multicohort, open-label, phase 2 KEYNOTE-158 study

Aurélien Marabelle, Marwan Fakih, Juanita Lopez … (2020)

Tumour mutational burden (TMB) has been retrospectively correlated with response to immune checkpoint blockade. We prospectively explored the association of high tissue TMB (tTMB-high) with outcomes in ten tumour-type-specific cohorts from the phase 2 KEYNOTE-158 study, which assessed the anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody pembrolizumab in patients with selected, previously treated, advanced solid tumours.

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Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Testing in Breast Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists Clinical Practice Guideline Focused Update

Antonio Wolff, M. Hammond, Kimberly H. Allison … (2018)

Purpose To update key recommendations of the American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) testing in breast cancer guideline. Methods Based on the signals approach, an Expert Panel reviewed published literature and research survey results on the observed frequency of less common in situ hybridization (ISH) patterns to update the recommendations. Recommendations Two recommendations addressed via correspondence in 2015 are included. First, immunohistochemistry (IHC) 2+ is defined as invasive breast cancer with weak to moderate complete membrane staining observed in > 10% of tumor cells. Second, if the initial HER2 test result in a core needle biopsy specimen of a primary breast cancer is negative, a new HER2 test may (not "must") be ordered on the excision specimen based on specific clinical criteria. The HER2 testing algorithm for breast cancer is updated to address the recommended work-up for less common clinical scenarios (approximately 5% of cases) observed when using a dual-probe ISH assay. These scenarios are described as ISH group 2 ( HER2/chromosome enumeration probe 17 [CEP17] ratio ≥ 2.0; average HER2 copy number < 4.0 signals per cell), ISH group 3 ( HER2/CEP17 ratio < 2.0; average HER2 copy number ≥ 6.0 signals per cell), and ISH group 4 ( HER2/CEP17 ratio < 2.0; average HER2 copy number ≥ 4.0 and < 6.0 signals per cell). The diagnostic approach includes more rigorous interpretation criteria for ISH and requires concomitant IHC review for dual-probe ISH groups 2 to 4 to arrive at the most accurate HER2 status designation (positive or negative) based on combined interpretation of the ISH and IHC assays. The Expert Panel recommends that laboratories using single-probe ISH assays include concomitant IHC review as part of the interpretation of all single-probe ISH assay results. Find additional information at www.asco.org/breast-cancer-guidelines .

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Journal

Journal ID (nlm-journal-id): 0370647

Journal ID (pubmed-jr-id): 2683

Journal ID (nlm-ta): CA Cancer J Clin

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): CA Cancer J Clin

Title: CA: a cancer journal for clinicians

ISSN (Print): 0007-9235

ISSN (Electronic): 1542-4863

Publication date Nihms-submitted: 16 March 2024

Publication date (Print): Nov-Dec 2023

Publication date (Electronic): 25 July 2023

Publication date PMC-release: 29 March 2024

Volume: 73

Issue: 6

Pages: 597-619

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Hematology-Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

[2 ]Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

[3 ]Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

[4 ]Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

[5 ]Department of Otolaryngology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

[6 ]Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA

[7 ]Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

Author notes

Correspondence: Conor E. Steuer, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road NE, Room C-2110, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. csteuer@ 123456emory.edu

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Conor E. Steuer http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6528-6319

Article

Manuscript ID: NIHMS1974332

DOI: 10.3322/caac.21807

PMC ID: 10980170

PubMed ID: 37490348

SO-VID: d5185c74-f9e7-4a0b-a8f8-e50f1cb861b3

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This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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The evolving landscape of salivary gland tumors

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Most cited references 165

Involvement of PD-L1 on tumor cells in the escape from host immune system and tumor immunotherapy by PD-L1 blockade.

Association of tumour mutational burden with outcomes in patients with advanced solid tumours treated with pembrolizumab: prospective biomarker analysis of the multicohort, open-label, phase 2 KEYNOTE-158 study

Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Testing in Breast Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists Clinical Practice Guideline Focused Update

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Cited by 7

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