The Effect of Physical Exercise on the Elderly&apos;s Anxiety: Based on Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis

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Abstract

Purpose

Based on meta-analysis to explore the effect of physical exercise on relieving the anxiety of the elderly.

Methods

The retrieval time was published in the domestic and foreign literatures on the effect of physical exercise on the anxiety of the elderly published from 2005 to 2021. The random effects model was used to evaluate the mean standard deviation of the scores of the intervention group on reducing the anxiety level of the elderly before and after the test. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the articles were screened, quality evaluated, and data extracted, and the literature was meta-analyzed by RevMan5.3.

Results

In meta-analysis and systematic review, 17 papers finally met the inclusion criteria. After sensitivity analysis, the random effects model (MD = 8.00, 95% CI (6.90, 9.10), Z = 14.23 ( P < 0.00001)) and the fixed effects model (MD = 7.71, 95% CI (6.98, 8.43), Z = 20.72 ( P < 0.00001)) show that physical exercise has a positive and significant effect on the anxiety of the elderly.

Conclusion

Physical exercise plays an important role in reducing the anxiety of the elderly. Therefore, regular physical exercise can be regarded as part of the elderly pension plan, but more high-quality research is needed to further explore the impact of physical exercise on elderly anxiety.

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Most cited references 46

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CONSORT 2010 statement: extension to randomised pilot and feasibility trials

Sandra M. Eldridge, Claire L Chan, Michael J Campbell … (2017)

The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement is a guideline designed to improve the transparency and quality of the reporting of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). In this article we present an extension to that statement for randomised pilot and feasibility trials conducted in advance of a future definitive RCT. The checklist applies to any randomised study in which a future definitive RCT, or part of it, is conducted on a smaller scale, regardless of its design (eg, cluster, factorial, crossover) or the terms used by authors to describe the study (eg, pilot, feasibility, trial, study). The extension does not directly apply to internal pilot studies built into the design of a main trial, non-randomised pilot and feasibility studies, or phase II studies, but these studies all have some similarities to randomised pilot and feasibility studies and so many of the principles might also apply. The development of the extension was motivated by the growing number of studies described as feasibility or pilot studies and by research that has identified weaknesses in their reporting and conduct. We followed recommended good practice to develop the extension, including carrying out a Delphi survey, holding a consensus meeting and research team meetings, and piloting the checklist. The aims and objectives of pilot and feasibility randomised studies differ from those of other randomised trials. Consequently, although much of the information to be reported in these trials is similar to those in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing effectiveness and efficacy, there are some key differences in the type of information and in the appropriate interpretation of standard CONSORT reporting items. We have retained some of the original CONSORT statement items, but most have been adapted, some removed, and new items added. The new items cover how participants were identified and consent obtained; if applicable, the prespecified criteria used to judge whether or how to proceed with a future definitive RCT; if relevant, other important unintended consequences; implications for progression from pilot to future definitive RCT, including any proposed amendments; and ethical approval or approval by a research review committee confirmed with a reference number. This article includes the 26 item checklist, a separate checklist for the abstract, a template for a CONSORT flowchart for these studies, and an explanation of the changes made and supporting examples. We believe that routine use of this proposed extension to the CONSORT statement will result in improvements in the reporting of pilot trials. Editor’s note: In order to encourage its wide dissemination this article is freely accessible on the BMJ and Pilot and Feasibility Studies journal websites. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40814-016-0105-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Effects of exercise training on older patients with major depression.

James Blumenthal, Michael A. Babyak, Kathleen Moore … (1999)

Previous observational and interventional studies have suggested that regular physical exercise may be associated with reduced symptoms of depression. However, the extent to which exercise training may reduce depressive symptoms in older patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) has not been systematically evaluated. To assess the effectiveness of an aerobic exercise program compared with standard medication (ie, antidepressants) for treatment of MDD in older patients, we conducted a 16-week randomized controlled trial. One hundred fifty-six men and women with MDD (age, > or = 50 years) were assigned randomly to a program of aerobic exercise, antidepressants (sertraline hydrochloride), or combined exercise and medication. Subjects underwent comprehensive evaluations of depression, including the presence and severity of MDD using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores before and after treatment. Secondary outcome measures included aerobic capacity, life satisfaction, self-esteem, anxiety, and dysfunctional cognitions. After 16 weeks of treatment, the groups did not differ statistically on HAM-D or BDI scores (P = .67); adjustment for baseline levels of depression yielded an essentially identical result. Growth curve models revealed that all groups exhibited statistically and clinically significant reductions on HAM-D and BDI scores. However, patients receiving medication alone exhibited the fastest initial response; among patients receiving combination therapy, those with less severe depressive symptoms initially showed a more rapid response than those with initially more severe depressive symptoms. An exercise training program may be considered an alternative to antidepressants for treatment of depression in older persons. Although antidepressants may facilitate a more rapid initial therapeutic response than exercise, after 16 weeks of treatment exercise was equally effective in reducing depression among patients with MDD.

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Social network types among older adults: a multidimensional approach.

Jacqui Smith, Toni Antonucci, Jennifer L. Fiori (2007)

Theories of social relations suggest that individuals' personal networks reflect multiple aspects of relationships, and that different constellations are more or less supportive of well-being. Using data from the Berlin Aging Study (N = 516; age, M = 85 years), we derived network types that reflect information about structure, function, and quality, and we examined their association with well-being. A cluster analysis revealed six network types: diverse-supported, family focused, friend focused-supported, friend focused-unsupported, restricted-nonfriends-unsatisfied, and restricted-nonfamily-unsupported. Well-being was predicted differentially by the six types. Although the oldest-old individuals (85 years of age or older) were overrepresented in the friend-focused-supported and restricted types, age did not moderate the association of types with well-being. A holistic consideration of structure, function, and quality of social networks in old age offers unique insights.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Feilong Wu:

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5052-2224

Juan Jiang:

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6377-4976

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Comput Math Methods Med

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Comput Math Methods Med

Journal ID (publisher-id): cmmm

Title: Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

Publisher: Hindawi

ISSN (Print): 1748-670X

ISSN (Electronic): 1748-6718

Publication date Collection: 2022

Publication date (Electronic): 9 May 2022

Volume: 2022

Electronic Location Identifier: 4848290

Affiliations

¹Department of Physical Education, Xi'an Aeronautical University, Xi'an 710000, China

²Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou 256600, China

³Nursing Department, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou 256600, China

⁴School of Martial Arts and Dance, Shenyang Sport University, 110102 Shenyang, China

Author notes

Academic Editor: Ahmed Faeq Hussein

Author information

Feilong Wu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5052-2224

Junling Zhang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0258-5677

Haiying Yang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2639-9289

Juan Jiang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6377-4976

Article

DOI: 10.1155/2022/4848290

PMC ID: 9110195

PubMed ID: 35586669

SO-VID: d4f5da7f-6909-4cd1-8895-8ca7cfc6e2fc

License:

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

History

Date received : 11 March 2022

Date accepted : 18 April 2022

Funding

Funded by: Medical and Health Science and Technology Development Project of Shandong Province

The Effect of Physical Exercise on the Elderly's Anxiety: Based on Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis

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Most cited references 46

CONSORT 2010 statement: extension to randomised pilot and feasibility trials

Effects of exercise training on older patients with major depression.

Social network types among older adults: a multidimensional approach.

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