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      Evaluación pronóstica del síndrome coronario agudo en pacientes con síndrome metabólico Translated title: Prognostic evaluation of acute coronary syndrome in patients with metabolic syndrome Translated title: Avaliação prognóstica da síndrome coronariana aguda em pacientes com síndrome metabólica

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: el síndrome metabólico incrementa el riesgo para enfermedad cardiovascular y duplica la mortalidad. Objetivo: identificar los factores pronósticos de muerte por síndrome coronario agudo en pacientes con síndrome metabólico. Método: se realizó estudio observacional analítico de cohorte en 186 pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo admitidos entre 01 febrero de 2015 y 20 de octubre de 2018. Se incluyeron variables clínicas y epidemiológicas; se evaluó la fuerza de asociación entre las variables cualitativas y el riesgo de desarrollar muerte por síndrome coronario agudo en presencia de síndrome metabólico con el Odds Ratio con intervalo de confianza al 95%. Se realizó análisis multivariado utilizando el modelo de regresión logística de Cox. Resultados: la prevalencia del síndrome metabólico fue 45,7 %, con edad media de 60,6 años; sexo femenino y grupo de edades mayor de 61 años duplicaron el riesgo de forma no significativa. Hipertrofia ventricular izquierda, insuficiencia cardiaca y fibrilación auricular incrementaron el riesgo de aparición de síndrome coronario agudo estadísticamente significativa en presencia del síndrome metabólico, p, 000. Disfunción ventricular izquierda moderada a severa [OR 5.7 IC 95 % (1,115-5,961) p, 000], clase de Killip-Kimball ≥II [OR 7,9 IC 95 % (3,10-20,15) p, 000] e infarto sin elevación del ST [OR 2,970 IC 95 % (1,174-7,518) p, 000], se relacionaron significativamente con la muerte. Conclusiones: el síndrome metabólico incrementa el riesgo de sufrir síndrome coronario agudo y muerte pero no está relacionado significativamente con la supervivencia.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: metabolic syndrome increases the risk for cardiovascular disease and doubles mortality. Objective: to identify the prognostic factors of death due to acute coronary syndrome in patients with metabolic syndrome. Method: a cohort analytical observational study was conducted in 186 patients with acute coronary syndrome admitted between 01 February 2015 and 20 October 2018. Clinical and epidemiological variables were included; the strength of association between the qualitative variables and the risk of developing death due to acute coronary syndrome in the presence of metabolic syndrome with Odds Ratio with 95% confidence interval was evaluated. Multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox logistic regression model. Results: the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was 45.7%, with a mean age of 60.6 years; Female sex and age group over 61 years doubled the risk in a non-significant way. Left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure and atrial fibrillation increased the risk of the appearance of a statistically significant acute coronary syndrome in the presence of the metabolic syndrome, p, 000. Moderate to severe left ventricular dysfunction [OR 5.7 95% CI (1,115-5,961) p, 000], Killip-Kimball class ≥II [OR 7.9 IC 95% (3, 10-20, 15) p, 000] and infarction without ST elevation [OR 2.970 95% CI (1.174-7.518) p, 000], were significantly related to death. Conclusions: metabolic syndrome increases the risk of suffering acute coronary syndrome and death but it is not significantly related to survival.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO Introdução: a síndrome metabólica aumenta o risco de doença cardiovascular e duplica a mortalidade. Objetivo: identificar os fatores prognósticos do óbito por síndrome coronariana aguda em pacientes com síndrome metabólica. Método: estudo de coorte observacional analítico foi realizado em 186 pacientes com síndrome coronariana aguda admitidos entre 01 de fevereiro de 2015 e 20 de Outubro de 2018. Foram incluídos variáveis clínicas e epidemiológicas; a força de associação entre variáveis qualitativas e o risco de morte por síndrome coronária aguda, na presença de síndrome metabólica com probabilidades confiança Rácio intervalo de 95% foi avaliada. A análise multivariada foi realizada usando o modelo de regressão logística de Cox. Resultados: a prevalência da síndrome metabólica foi de 45,7%, com idade média de 60,6 anos; Sexo feminino e faixa etária acima de 61 anos dobraram o risco de forma não significativa. hipertrofia do ventrículo esquerdo, falha cardíaca e fibrilação atrial aumentou o risco de síndroma coronária aguda estatisticamente significativa na presença de síndroma metabólico, p, 000. Disfunção Ventricular Esquerda moderada a grave [OU 5,7 (IC 95% 1,115-5,961) p.000], Killip-Kimball ≥II [OR 7,9, IC de 95% (3,10-20,15) p.000] e enfarte sem elevação do segmento ST [OR 95% CI 2,970 (1,174-7,518) p.000], estavam significativamente relacionados com a morte. Conclusões: A síndrome metabólica aumenta o risco de síndrome coronariana aguda e morte, mas não significativamente associada com a sobrevivência.

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          Lifestyle modification for metabolic syndrome: a systematic review.

          All 5 components of metabolic syndrome have been shown to improve with lifestyle and diet modification. New strategies for achieving adherence to meaningful lifestyle change are needed to optimize atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk reduction. We performed a systematic literature review, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses framework (PRISMA), investigating optimal methods for achieving lifestyle change in metabolic syndrome.
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            The metabolic syndrome is associated with advanced vascular damage in patients with coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease or abdominal aortic aneurysm.

            The metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in patients without a cardiovascular history. We investigated whether the metabolic syndrome is related to the extent of vascular damage in patients with various manifestations of vascular disease. The study population of this cross-sectional survey consisted of 502 patients recently diagnosed with coronary heart disease (CHD), 236 with stroke, 218 with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and 89 with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Carotid Intima Media Thickness (IMT), Ankle Brachial Pressure Index (ABPI) and albuminuria were used as non-invasive markers of vascular damage and adjusted for age and sex if appropriate. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in the study population was 45%. In PAD patients this was 57%; in CHD patients 40%, in stroke patients 43% and in AAA patients 45%. Patients with the metabolic syndrome had an increased mean IMT (0.98 vs 0.92mm, P-value <0.01), more often a decreased ABPI (14% vs 10%, P-value 0.06) and increased prevalence of albuminuria (20% vs 15%, P-value 0.03) compared to patients without this syndrome. An increase in the number of components of the metabolic syndrome was associated with an increase in mean IMT (P-value for trend <0.001), lower ABPI (P-value for trend <0.01) and higher prevalence albuminuria (P-value for trend <0.01). In patients with manifest vascular disease the presence of the metabolic syndrome is associated with advanced vascular damage.
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              Differential impact of metabolic syndrome on subclinical atherosclerosis according to the presence of diabetes

              Background Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with increased risks of diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, data on the impact of MS and its individual components on subclinical atherosclerosis (SCA) according to diabetes status are scarce. Methods Surrogate markers of SCA, brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and carotid intima–medial thickness (IMT) and plaque were assessed in 2,560 subjects (60 ± 8 years, 33% men) who participated in baseline health examinations for a community-based cohort study. Results The participants included 2,149 non-diabetics (84%) and 411 diabetics (16%); 667 non-diabetics (31%) and 285 diabetics (69%) had MS, respectively. Diabetics had significantly higher baPWV and carotid IMT, and more plaques than non-diabetics (p < 0.001, respectively). Individuals with MS had significantly higher baPWV and carotid IMT than those without MS only among non-diabetics (p < 0.001, respectively). Among MS components, increased blood pressure was significantly associated with the exacerbation of all SCA markers in non-diabetics. The number of MS components was significantly correlated with both baPWV and carotid IMT in non-diabetics (baPWV: r = 0.302, p < 0.001; carotid IMT: r = 0.217, p < 0.001). Multiple regression showed both MS and diabetes were significantly associated with baPWV (p < 0.001, respectively), carotid IMT (MS: p < 0.001; diabetes: p = 0.005), and the presence of plaque (MS: p = 0.041; diabetes: p = 0.002). Conclusions MS has an incremental impact on SCA in conditions without diabetes. The identification of MS and its individual components is more important for the risk stratification of CVD in non-diabetic individuals.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                mmed
                Multimed
                Multimed
                Centro Provincial de Información de Ciencias Médicas (Granma, , Cuba )
                1028-4818
                August 2019
                : 23
                : 4
                : 685-698
                Affiliations
                [1] Bayamo Granma orgnameUniversidad de Ciencias Médicas de Granma orgdiv1Hospital General Provincial Universitario Carlos Manuel de Céspedes Cuba
                Article
                S1028-48182019000400685 S1028-4818(19)02300400685
                d4e7406c-128c-43f2-82c1-ba4326e36ae7

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 30 April 2019
                : 28 May 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 18, Pages: 14
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Categories
                ARTICULOS ORIGINALES

                Síndrome Metabólico,Síndrome Coronario Agudo,Metabolic Syndrome,Acute Coronary Syndrom,Síndrome metabólico,Síndrome Coronariana Aguda

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