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      Analyzing Risk Communication, Trust, Risk Perception, Negative Emotions, and Behavioral Coping Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic in China Using a Structural Equation Model

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          Abstract

          Objective

          Risk communication and the degree of trust are major factors that affect the public's behavioral coping strategies and play an important role in emergency risk management. However, the internal formation mechanism involved in the public's psychological behavior remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association among risk communication, trust, risk perception, negative emotions, and behavioral coping strategies during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and to identify and quantify the factors that influence public behavior.

          Methods

          We launched an online survey through social media from April to July 2020 in China. Relevant data were elicited using a self-designed questionnaire that mainly examined respondent characteristics, risk communication, trust, risk perception, negative emotions, protective coping behavior, and excessive coping behavior in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 735 valid responses were obtained. A structural equation model was then used to explore relationship pathways among the components.

          Results

          The higher the degree of risk communication (β = −0.10, p < 0.05) and trust (β = −0.22, p < 0.001), the lower the public risk perception. Risk communication and trust had a direct effect on public behavioral coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic. The higher the level of risk communication (β = 0.14, p < 0.001) or trust (β = 0.48, p < 0.001), the more likely it was that this would encourage the public to adopt protective coping behaviors, while the public was less likely to engage in excessive coping behaviors as the degree of trust increased (β = −0.12, p < 0.01). Risk perception influenced by poor risk communication and trust generated negative emotions (β = 0.31, p < 0.001), and such negative emotions further positively influenced public behavioral coping strategies (whether protective [β = 0.09, p < 0.05] or excessive [β = 0.24, p < 0.001] behaviors).

          Conclusion

          Risk communication, trust, risk perception, and negative emotions were significantly directly or indirectly related to public behavior. The findings provide useful information for emergency risk management and a theoretical basis for follow-up research on public coping behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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          Most cited references51

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          On the evaluation of structural equation models

          Richard Bagozzi, Youjae Yi (1988)
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            A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations

            Jianyin Qiu, Bin Shen, Min Zhao … (2020)
            The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic emerged in Wuhan, China, spread nationwide and then onto half a dozen other countries between December 2019 and early 2020. The implementation of unprecedented strict quarantine measures in China has kept a large number of people in isolation and affected many aspects of people’s lives. It has also triggered a wide variety of psychological problems, such as panic disorder, anxiety and depression. This study is the first nationwide large-scale survey of psychological distress in the general population of China during the COVID-19 epidemic.
            Article 0 comments Cited 1855 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Multivariate Data Analysis

              Joseph F. Hair (1998)
              For graduate courses in Marketing Research, Research Design and Data Analysis. For the non-statistician, this applications-oriented introduction to multivariate analysis reduces the amount of statistical notation and terminology used while focusing on the fundamental concepts that affect the use of specific techniques.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front Public Health
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Front Public Health
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Front. Public Health
                Title: Frontiers in Public Health
                Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
                ISSN (Electronic): 2296-2565
                Publication date (Electronic): 30 May 2022
                Publication date Collection: 2022
                Publication date PMC-release: 30 May 2022
                Volume: 10
                Electronic Location Identifier: 843787
                Affiliations
                School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University , Ganzhou, China
                Author notes

                Edited by: Albert Prats-Uribe, University of Oxford, United Kingdom

                Reviewed by: Maria Casagrande, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Gaurav Dhiman, Government Bikram College of Commerce Patiala (Punjab), India

                *Correspondence: Junwang Gu gj_one@ 123456gmu.edu.cn

                This article was submitted to Public Health Policy, a section of the journal Frontiers in Public Health

                Article
                DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.843787
                PMC ID: 9196862
                PubMed ID: 35712304
                SO-VID: d30a906b-fc40-4466-a111-57071b0ab3f9
                Copyright © Copyright © 2022 Gu, He, Wu, Tao, Ye and Wu.
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                Date received : 26 December 2021
                Date accepted : 25 April 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 3, Tables: 5, Equations: 0, References: 55, Pages: 11, Words: 7511
                Categories
                Subject: Public Health
                Subject: Original Research

                Keywords: emergency risk management,influencing factors,risk perception,negative emotions,behavioral coping strategies,structural equation model
                Data availability:
                Keywords: emergency risk management, influencing factors, risk perception, negative emotions, behavioral coping strategies, structural equation model

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