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      Social Media Use By People With Diabetes In Saudi Arabia: A Survey About Purposes, Benefits And Risks

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          Abstract

          Purpose

          The aim of this study was to analyze the use of social media by people with diabetes in Saudi Arabia and to know the purposes, benefits and risks of its use.

          Methods

          In this study a cross-sectional survey was carried out with a random sample of 158 people with all type of diabetes living in Saudi Arabia. The survey was distributed using WhatsApp and Twitter accounts of diabetic associations in Saudi Arabia. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data.

          Results

          The majority of the respondents were females (69%), and most of them had type 1 diabetes (70%). Almost half (47%) of the sampled population stated that they used social media for obtaining information related to diabetes; 34% employed these platforms to get information not linked to diabetes; and the rest, 19%, were not users of social media. Also, the participants used these tools for different purposes; and the most used social media for obtaining diabetes related information were WhatsApp (67%), Twitter (54%) and Snapchat (39%). The principal benefits involved in the utilization of social media were raising awareness about diabetes (78%), improving education among patients (78%), and facilitation of communication between patients and doctors (44%). The respondents pondered that breaching of patient privacy (5%) and dissemination of inaccurate information (30%) were dangers implicated in the use of social media.

          Conclusion

          The outcomes indicated that WhatsApp was the social media most used by the participants to communicate and obtain information about diabetes. According to the participants, social media platforms were useful to improve education, awareness and communication among people with diabetes, family and doctors. However, due to the risks involved in the use of social media, health and educational organizations must work to ensure that the published information is accurate and does not affect the privacy of patients and healthcare providers.

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          Most cited references11

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          Patients' and health professionals' use of social media in health care: motives, barriers and expectations.

          Theodoor Nieboer, Marjolijn L Antheunis, Kiek Tates (2013)
          To investigate patients' and health professionals' (a) motives and use of social media for health-related reasons, and (b) barriers and expectations for health-related social media use. We conducted a descriptive online survey among 139 patients and 153 health care professionals in obstetrics and gynecology. In this survey, we asked the respondents about their motives and use of social network sites (SNS: Facebook and Hyves), Twitter, LinkedIn, and YouTube. Results showed that patients primarily used Twitter (59.9%), especially for increasing knowledge and exchanging advice and Facebook (52.3%), particularly for social support and exchanging advice. Professionals primarily used LinkedIn (70.7%) and Twitter (51.2%), for communication with their colleagues and marketing reasons. Patients' main barriers for social media use were privacy concerns and unreliability of the information. Professionals' main barriers were inefficiency and lack of skills. Both patients and professionals expected future social media use, provided that they can choose their time of social media usage. The results indicate disconcordance in patients' and professionals' motives and use of social media in health care. Future studies on social media use in health care should not disregard participants' underlying motives, barriers and expectations regarding the (non)use of social media. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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            Role of Social Media in Diabetes Management in the Middle East Region: Systematic Review

            Turki Alanzi (2018)
            Background Diabetes is a major health care burden in the Middle East region. Social networking tools can contribute to the management of diabetes with improved educational and care outcomes using these popular tools in the region. Objective The objective of this review was to evaluate the impact of social networking interventions on the improvement of diabetes management and health outcomes in patients with diabetes in the Middle East. Methods Peer-reviewed articles from PubMed (1990-2017) and Google Scholar (1990-2017) were identified using various combinations of predefined terms and search criteria. The main inclusion criterion consisted of the use of social networking apps on mobile phones as the primary intervention. Outcomes were grouped according to study design, type of diabetes, category of technological intervention, location, and sample size. Results This review included 5 articles evaluating the use of social media tools in the management of diabetes in the Middle East. In most studies, the acceptance rate for the use of social networking to optimize the management of diabetes was relatively high. Diabetes-specific management tools such as the Saudi Arabia Networking for Aiding Diabetes and Diabetes Intelligent Management System for Iraq systems helped collect patient information and lower hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, respectively. Conclusions The reviewed studies demonstrated the potential of social networking tools being adopted in regions in the Middle East to improve the management of diabetes. Future studies consisting of larger sample sizes spanning multiple regions would provide further insight into the use of social media for improving patient outcomes.
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              Social media for health promotion in diabetes: study protocol for a participatory public health intervention design

              E Gabarron, M. Bradway, L Fernandez-Luque … (2018)
              Background Participatory health approaches are increasingly drawing attention among the scientific community, and could be used for health promotion programmes on diabetes through social media. The main aim of this project is to research how to best use social media to promote healthy lifestyles with and within the Norwegian population. Methods The design of the health promotion intervention (HPI) will be participatory, and will involve both a panel of healthcare experts and social media users following the Norwegian Diabetes Association. The panel of experts will agree on the contents by following the Delphi method, and social media users will participate in the definition of the HPI by expressing their opinions through an adhoc online questionnaire. The agreed contents between both parties to be used in the HPI will be posted on three social media channels (Facebook, Twitter and Instagram) along 24 months. The 3 months before starting the HPI, and the 3 months after the HPI will be used as control data. The effect of the HPI will be assessed by comparing formats, frequency, and reactions to the published HPI messages, as well as comparing potential changes in five support-intended communication behaviours expressed on social media, and variations in sentiment analysis before vs during and after the HPI. The HPI’s effect on social media users’ health-related lifestyles, online health behaviours, and satisfaction with the intervention will be assessed every 6 months through online questionnaires. A separate questionnaire will be used to assess the panel of experts’ satisfaction and perceptions of the benefits for health professionals of a HPI as this one. Discussion The time constraints of today’s medical practice combined with the piling demand of chronic conditions such as diabetes make any additional request of extra time used by health care professionals a challenge. Social media channels provide efficient, ubiquitous and user-friendly platforms that can encourage participation, engagement and action necessary from both those who receive and provide care to make health promotion interventions successful.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes
                Journal ID (publisher-id): DMSO
                Journal ID (pmc): dmso
                Title: Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy
                Publisher: Dove
                ISSN (Electronic): 1178-7007
                Publication date (Electronic): 13 November 2019
                Publication date Collection: 2019
                Volume: 12
                Pages: 2363-2372
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Health Information Management and Technology Department, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University , Dammam, Saudi Arabia
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Turki Alanzi Department of Health Information Management and Technology, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University , King Faisal Road, Dammam31441, Saudi ArabiaTel/fax +966 133331211 Email talanzi@iau.edu.sa
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1299-8192
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6598-1274
                Article
                Publisher ID: 208141
                DOI: 10.2147/DMSO.S208141
                PMC ID: 6859467
                SO-VID: d20de87a-5089-4f1f-a4b8-99a448a3b04d
                Copyright © © 2019 Alzahrani and Alanzi.
                License:

                This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms ( https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).

                History
                Date received : 09 March 2019
                Date accepted : 17 June 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 6, Tables: 7, References: 24, Pages: 10
                Categories
                Subject: Original Research

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Endocrinology & Diabetes
                Keywords: social media,people with diabetes,saudi arabia,survey
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Endocrinology & Diabetes
                Keywords: social media, people with diabetes, saudi arabia, survey

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