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      Densidade, porosidade e resistência à penetração em Latossolo cultivado sob diferentes sistemas de preparo do solo Translated title: Soil bulk density, porosity and resistance to root penetration in an Oxisol managed by different soil tillage systems

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          Abstract

          Os sistemas de preparo e manejo do solo determinam as condições físicas para o crescimento das plantas e produtividade das culturas. O objetivo deste estudo é o de avaliar algumas propriedades físicas de um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, cultivado com mandioca, após dois anos de implantação em diferentes sistemas de preparo do solo. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: Plantio Direto (mobilização do solo somente ao longo das linhas de plantio); Preparo Mínimo (escarificação a 0,30 m, seguido de gradagem niveladora) e Preparo Convencional (aração, com arado de aiveca a uma profundidade de 0,25 m, seguido de gradagem niveladora). Avaliaram-se, nas camadas de 0-0,10 m e 0,10-0,20 m, as seguintes propriedades físicas do solo: densidade, volume de macroporos, microporos, a porosidade e a resistência do solo à penetração das raízes, a cada 0,05 m, até à profundidade de 0,40 m, em três diferentes épocas. Constataram-se maiores valores de densidade do solo e menores valores de macroporosidade na camada de 0-0,10 m no plantio direto e preparo mínimo do solo. Resultados similares foram obtidos na avaliação da resistência do solo à penetração, independente da época de avaliação e da umidade do solo. Os sistemas de preparo mínimo e preparo convencional do solo proporcionam condições físicas menos restritivas ao crescimento das plantas, quando comparado com o plantio direto. Avaliações de médio-longo prazo são necessárias face às mudanças dinâmicas na qualidade física do solo, impostas pelos sistemas de preparo e manejo do solo e da cultura.

          Translated abstract

          Soil tillage and management affect soil physical conditions for plant growth and crop productivity. The objective of this research was to evaluate some soil physical properties of an Typic Haplorthox located in the Northwest region of the State of Paraná, Brazil, after two years of different tillage systems, with same crop. The tillage systems used were: No-tillage (cultivated only along the crop row - NT), Minimum Tillage (subsoiling to the 0.30 m depth, followed by leveling - MT) and Conventional Tillage (plowing with moldboard plow to the 0.25 m depth, followed by leveling - CT). The following soil physical properties were evaluated at the depths of 0-0.10 m and 0.10-0.20 m: soil bulk density (Bd), soil porosity, and the soil resistance to root penetration (SRP), which was evaluated at each 0.05 m up to 0.4m, during three different periods. The results suggest showed higher values of Bd and smaller values of macroporosity in the 0-0,10 m layer for NT and MT. Similar results were obtained for SRP, independently of the time of evaluation and soil water content. MT and CT may provide favorable soil physical conditions to the growth of the crop when compared to NT. Medium to long-term evaluations are necessary due to the dynamic changes in soil physical quality, result of the tillage system, soil and crop management.

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          Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos

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            Relationship between soil physical properties and crop production

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              Manual de edafologia - relações solo-planta

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                sa
                Scientia Agricola
                Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)
                São Paulo - Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" (Piracicaba )
                1678-992X
                December 2002
                : 59
                : 4
                : 795-801
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual de Maringá Brazil
                Article
                S0103-90162002000400026
                10.1590/S0103-90162002000400026
                d072f469-ca2b-48c2-9dff-4ba561b6c4b4

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0103-9016&lng=en
                Categories
                AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

                General agriculture
                soil physical properties,soil structure,no-tillage,subsoiling,compaction,propriedades físicas do solo,estrutura,plantio direto,escarificação,compactação

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