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      Profiling the Research Activities of Canadian Occupational Therapy and Occupational Science Faculty Members Translated title: Profilage des activités de recherche du corps professoral en ergothérapie et en science de l’occupation au Canada

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          Abstract

          Background. There is a lack of knowledge on the scope and nature of the research by faculty members in occupational science (OS) and/or occupational therapy (OT) programs in Canada. Purpose. To describe the research activities of faculty members in these programs and directions. Method. A cross-sectional survey was distributed to 173 faculty members across all 14 Canadian OT that addressed: 1) research topics and methods, 2) populations, and 3) funding. Findings. Based on respondents ( N  =  121), research is focused on a range of topics and populations with most conducting qualitative research. Many conduct research examining the effectiveness of interventions, with few respondents focused on OS research. Federal and provincial grants agencies were the largest source of funding. Implications. Research topics studied were not always proportional to practice although emerging areas were being investigated that can expand the evidence base and scope of practice. Despite limited occupation-specific funding options, respondents were accessing funding from varied sources. Collaborations among faculty members, clinicians, and individuals with lived experience can create priorities for future OS and/or OT research in Canada.

          Résumé

          Description. Les connaissances sur la portée et la nature des recherches menées par le corps professoral dans les programmes de science de l’occupation et d’ergothérapie au Canada sont lacunaires. But. Décrire les activités de recherche du corps professoral dans ces programmes. Méthodologie. Une enquête transversale a été réalisée auprès de 173 membres du corps professoral des 14 programmes d’ergothérapie offerts au Canada. Celle-ci portait sur : 1) les sujets de recherche et la méthodologie; 2) les populations visées et 3) le financement. Résultats. Selon les répondants ( n  =  121), les recherches, qualitatives en majorité, sont axées sur une variété de sujets et de populations. Un grand nombre de professeurs réalisent des recherches examinant l’efficacité d’interventions, et quelques-uns se concentrent sur la recherche en science de l’occupation. Les organismes subventionnaires fédéraux et provinciaux étaient les principaux bailleurs de fonds. Conséquences. Les sujets de recherche ne coïncidaient pas toujours avec la pratique, mais certains des domaines émergents étudiés pourraient élargir le corpus de données et l’étendue de la pratique. Bien que les options de financement propres au domaine soient limitées, les répondants avaient accès à du financement de la part de diverses sources. La collaboration entre les professeurs, les cliniciens et les personnes avec une expérience vécue peut créer des priorités pour les recherches futures en ergothérapie et en science de l’occupation au Canada.

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          Most cited references33

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          Three approaches to qualitative content analysis.

          Content analysis is a widely used qualitative research technique. Rather than being a single method, current applications of content analysis show three distinct approaches: conventional, directed, or summative. All three approaches are used to interpret meaning from the content of text data and, hence, adhere to the naturalistic paradigm. The major differences among the approaches are coding schemes, origins of codes, and threats to trustworthiness. In conventional content analysis, coding categories are derived directly from the text data. With a directed approach, analysis starts with a theory or relevant research findings as guidance for initial codes. A summative content analysis involves counting and comparisons, usually of keywords or content, followed by the interpretation of the underlying context. The authors delineate analytic procedures specific to each approach and techniques addressing trustworthiness with hypothetical examples drawn from the area of end-of-life care.
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            Using community-based participatory research to address health disparities.

            Community-based participatory research (CBPR) has emerged in the past decades as an alternative research paradigm, which integrates education and social action to improve health and reduce health disparities. More than a set of research methods, CBPR is an orientation to research that focuses on relationships between academic and community partners, with principles of colearning, mutual benefit, and long-term commitment and incorporates community theories, participation, and practices into the research efforts. As CBPR matures, tensions have become recognized that challenge the mutuality of the research relationship, including issues of power, privilege, participation, community consent, racial and/or ethnic discrimination, and the role of research in social change. This article focuses on these challenges as a dynamic and ever-changing context of the researcher-community relationship, provides examples of these paradoxes from work in tribal communities, discusses the evidence that CBPR reduces disparities, and recommends transforming the culture of academia to strengthen collaborative research relationships.
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              The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure: An Outcome Measure for Occupational Therapy

              The Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists, in collaboration with Health and Welfare Canada have developed and published a conceptual model for occupational therapy, the Occupational Performance model. This paper describes the development of an outcome measure, The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), which is designed to be used with these guidelines for client-centred clinical practice. The COPM is an outcome measure designed for use by occupational therapists to assess client outcomes in the areas of self-care, productivity and leisure. Using a semi-structured interview, the COPM is a five step process which measures individual, client-identified problem areas in daily function. Two scores, for performance and satisfaction with performance are obtained. This paper describes the rationale and development of the COPM as well as information about its use for therapists.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Can J Occup Ther
                Can J Occup Ther
                CJO
                spcjo
                Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy. Revue Canadienne D'Ergotherapie
                SAGE Publications (Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA )
                0008-4174
                1911-9828
                19 January 2023
                December 2023
                : 90
                : 4
                : 344-352
                Author notes
                [*]Tal Jarus, Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy Department, Faculty of Medicine, the University of British Columbia, T325-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Musqueam Territory, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 2B5. Email: tal.jarus@ 123456ubc.ca
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4124-7782
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2215-2788
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5649-5132
                Article
                10.1177_00084174221145820
                10.1177/00084174221145820
                10647890
                36658768
                cf4eabeb-2ea0-4849-b2ca-4fcf2f838da8
                © CAOT 2023

                This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page ( https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

                History
                Funding
                Funded by: Association of Canadian Occupational Therapy University Programs;
                Categories
                Original Articles
                Custom metadata
                ts19

                research design,populations,survey,research topics,evidence-based practice,devis de recherche,enquête,pratique fondée sur les données probantes,sujets de recherche

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