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Abstract
Dear Editor,
In response to the editor's letter criticizing our recently published work,
1
we would like to clarify the following points. Our study investigated intrathoracic
oscillations' effects on pulmonary function in children with spastic quadriplegic
cerebral palsy. In the literature, the majority of the published research that studied
the effect of specific treatment on respiratory function with similar objectives as
our published work did not use predictive equations.2, 3, 4
We would like to point out that the stated references in the letter to the editor
follow a different research objective than ours. The study by Sadiq et al.,
5
aimed to discover the relationship between weight, height, and age with spirometry
variables and to generate a regression equation using weight as an independent variable
alongside age and height among children and adolescents from Karachi. The study by
Chang et al.,
6
aimed to establish reference equations for spirometry in healthy Taiwanese children
and to assess the applicability of the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) 2012
equations to Taiwanese children. The study by Jones et al.,
7
aimed to generate spirometry reference values in Brazilian children aged 3–12 years
old and compare those values to the values used in the equations currently in use
in Brazil. The study by Kim et al.,
8
aimed to determine the reference values that would apply to Korean children and adolescents.
Based on the stated references, the formulation of predictive respiratory equations
is to compare the respiratory function with a normal reference. This is completely
different from our study's objective, which compares statistically each child's results
before and after treatment. Furthermore, Parker
9
mentioned clearly that “Spirometry is useful to detect and monitor airway disease
in patients with symptoms, risk factors, or suspicion of airway disease. Spirometric
equipment is readily available and requires little maintenance and some calibration.”
Therefore, there is no necessity to use predictive respiratory equations in studies
using spirometry in the assessment of respiratory functions after treatment.
Source of funding
This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public,
commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Conflict of interest
The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
Ethical approval
Not applicable.
Author's contributions
The project was developed and designed by AME and MEA, who also performed the research,
gathered, categorised, and processed the data. Research resources were offered by
AME. MEA wrote the article's first and last drafts. All authors have critically reviewed
and approved the final draft and are responsible for the content and similarity index
of the manuscript.
Background and objective This study aimed to establish reference equations for spirometry in healthy Taiwanese children and assess the applicability of the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI)-2012 equations to Taiwanese children. Methods Spirometric data collected from 757 healthy Taiwanese children aged 5 to 18 years in a population-based cohort study. Prediction equations derived using linear regression and the generalized additive models for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS) method, respectively. Results The GLI-2012 South East Asian equations did not provide a close fit with mean ± standard error z-scores of −0.679 ± 0.030 (FVC), −0.186 ± 0.044 (FEV1), −0.875 ± 0.049 (FEV1/FVC ratio) and −2.189 ± 0.063 (FEF25-75) for girls; and 0.238 ± 0.059, −0.061 ± 0.053, −0.513 ± 0.059 and −1.896 ± 0.077 for boys. The proposed GAMLSS models took age, height, and weight into account. GAMLSS models for boys and girls captured the characteristics of spirometric data in the study population closely in contrast to the linear regression models and the GLI-2012 equations. Conclusion This study provides up-to-date reference values for spirometry using GAMLSS modeling in healthy Taiwanese children aged 5 to 18 years. Our study provides evidence that the GLI-2012 reference equations are not properly matched to spirometric data in a contemporary Taiwanese child population, indicating the urgent need for an update of GLI reference values by inclusion of more data of non-Caucasian decent.
ABSTRACT Objective: To generate reference values for spirometry in Brazilian children 3-12 years of age and to compare those values with the values employed in the equations currently in use in Brazil. Methods: This study involved healthy children, 3-12 years of age, recruited from 14 centers (primary data) and spirometry results from children with the same characteristics in six databases (secondary data). Reference equations by quantile regressions were generated after log transformation of the spirometric and anthropometric data. Skin color was classified as self-reported by the participants. To determine the suitability of the results obtained, they were compared with those predicted by the equations currently in use in Brazil. Results: We included 1,990 individuals from a total of 21 primary and secondary data sources. Of those, 1,059 (53%) were female. Equations for FEV1, FVC, the FEV1/FVC ratio, FEF between 25% and 75% of the FVC (FEF25-75%) and the FEF25-75%/FVC ratio were generated for white-, black-, and brown-skinned children. The logarithms for height and age, together with skin color, were the best predictors of FEV1 and FVC. The reference values obtained were significantly higher than those employed in the equations currently in use in Brazil, for predicted values, as well as for the lower limit of normality, particularly in children with self-reported black or brown skin. Conclusions: New spirometric equations were generated for Brazilian children 3-12 years of age, in the three skin-color categories defined. The equations currently in use in Brazil seem to underestimate the lung function of Brazilian children 3-12 years of age and should be replaced by the equations proposed in this study.
Title:
Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences
Publisher:
Taibah University
ISSN
(Electronic):
1658-3612
Publication date PMC-release: 14
November
2023
Publication date Collection:
February
2024
Publication date
(Electronic):
14
November
2023
Volume: 19
Issue: 1
Pages: 151-152
Affiliations
[a
]Department of Physical Therapy for Paediatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo
University, Giza, Egypt
[b
]Department of Cardiovascular/Respiratory Disorder and Geriatrics, Faculty of Physical
Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
Author notes
[∗
]Corresponding address: Department of Physical Therapy for Paediatrics, Faculty of
Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
mai.tamer.elmasry@
123456cu.edu.eg
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