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      Role of miR-181a-5p in cancer (Review)

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          Abstract

          MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that can post-transcriptionally suppress targeted genes. Dysregulated miRNAs are associated with a variety of diseases. MiR-181a-5p is a conserved miRNA with the ability to regulate pathological processes, such as angiogenesis, inflammatory response and obesity. Numerous studies have demonstrated that miR-181a-5p exerts regulatory influence on cancer development and progression, acting as an oncomiR or tumor inhibitor in various cancer types by impacting multiple hallmarks of tumor. Generally, miR-181a-5p binds to target RNA sequences with partial complementarity, resulting in suppression of the targeted genes of miR-181a-5p. However, the precise role of miR-181a-5p in cancer remains incompletely understood. The present review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of recent research on miR-181a-5p, focusing on its involvement in different types of cancer and its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, as well as its function in chemoresistance.

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          Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries

          Hyuna Sung, Jacques Ferlay, Rebecca Siegel … (2021)
          This article provides an update on the global cancer burden using the GLOBOCAN 2020 estimates of cancer incidence and mortality produced by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Worldwide, an estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases (18.1 million excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and almost 10.0 million cancer deaths (9.9 million excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) occurred in 2020. Female breast cancer has surpassed lung cancer as the most commonly diagnosed cancer, with an estimated 2.3 million new cases (11.7%), followed by lung (11.4%), colorectal (10.0 %), prostate (7.3%), and stomach (5.6%) cancers. Lung cancer remained the leading cause of cancer death, with an estimated 1.8 million deaths (18%), followed by colorectal (9.4%), liver (8.3%), stomach (7.7%), and female breast (6.9%) cancers. Overall incidence was from 2-fold to 3-fold higher in transitioned versus transitioning countries for both sexes, whereas mortality varied <2-fold for men and little for women. Death rates for female breast and cervical cancers, however, were considerably higher in transitioning versus transitioned countries (15.0 vs 12.8 per 100,000 and 12.4 vs 5.2 per 100,000, respectively). The global cancer burden is expected to be 28.4 million cases in 2040, a 47% rise from 2020, with a larger increase in transitioning (64% to 95%) versus transitioned (32% to 56%) countries due to demographic changes, although this may be further exacerbated by increasing risk factors associated with globalization and a growing economy. Efforts to build a sustainable infrastructure for the dissemination of cancer prevention measures and provision of cancer care in transitioning countries is critical for global cancer control.
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            Cancer statistics, 2020

            Rebecca Siegel, Kimberly D Miller, Ahmedin Jemal (2020)
            Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths that will occur in the United States and compiles the most recent data on population-based cancer occurrence. Incidence data (through 2016) were collected by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program; the National Program of Cancer Registries; and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Mortality data (through 2017) were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2020, 1,806,590 new cancer cases and 606,520 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States. The cancer death rate rose until 1991, then fell continuously through 2017, resulting in an overall decline of 29% that translates into an estimated 2.9 million fewer cancer deaths than would have occurred if peak rates had persisted. This progress is driven by long-term declines in death rates for the 4 leading cancers (lung, colorectal, breast, prostate); however, over the past decade (2008-2017), reductions slowed for female breast and colorectal cancers, and halted for prostate cancer. In contrast, declines accelerated for lung cancer, from 3% annually during 2008 through 2013 to 5% during 2013 through 2017 in men and from 2% to almost 4% in women, spurring the largest ever single-year drop in overall cancer mortality of 2.2% from 2016 to 2017. Yet lung cancer still caused more deaths in 2017 than breast, prostate, colorectal, and brain cancers combined. Recent mortality declines were also dramatic for melanoma of the skin in the wake of US Food and Drug Administration approval of new therapies for metastatic disease, escalating to 7% annually during 2013 through 2017 from 1% during 2006 through 2010 in men and women aged 50 to 64 years and from 2% to 3% in those aged 20 to 49 years; annual declines of 5% to 6% in individuals aged 65 years and older are particularly striking because rates in this age group were increasing prior to 2013. It is also notable that long-term rapid increases in liver cancer mortality have attenuated in women and stabilized in men. In summary, slowing momentum for some cancers amenable to early detection is juxtaposed with notable gains for other common cancers.
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              MicroRNAs: target recognition and regulatory functions.

              David Bartel (2009)
              MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous approximately 23 nt RNAs that play important gene-regulatory roles in animals and plants by pairing to the mRNAs of protein-coding genes to direct their posttranscriptional repression. This review outlines the current understanding of miRNA target recognition in animals and discusses the widespread impact of miRNAs on both the expression and evolution of protein-coding genes.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Oncol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Oncol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): IJO
                Title: International Journal of Oncology
                Publisher: D.A. Spandidos
                ISSN (Print): 1019-6439
                ISSN (Electronic): 1791-2423
                Publication date Collection: October 2023
                Publication date (Electronic): 03 August 2023
                Publication date PMC-release: 03 August 2023
                Volume: 63
                Issue: 4
                Electronic Location Identifier: 108
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University
                [2 ]Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University
                [3 ]South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine
                [4 ]Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy and Cell Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
                Author notes
                Correspondence to: Professor Zhigui Wu, Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Road, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China, E-mail: zhiguiwu18@ 123456126.com
                Professor Zhangang Xiao, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 1 Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China, E-mail: xzg555898@ 123456hotmail.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: ijo-63-4-05556
                DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5556
                PMC ID: 10552769
                PubMed ID: 37539738
                SO-VID: ce9e559a-3d3e-4736-82de-36dad7afa063
                Copyright © Copyright: © Li et al.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

                History
                Date received : 09 February 2023
                Date accepted : 13 July 2023
                Funding
                Funded by: Project of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province
                Award ID: 2021YJ0445
                This work was supported by the Project of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province (grant no. 2021YJ0445).
                Categories
                Subject: Articles

                Keywords: mir-181a-5p,cancers,biomarker,chemoresistance
                Data availability:
                Keywords: mir-181a-5p, cancers, biomarker, chemoresistance

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