Transcriptome analysis of Pseudostellaria heterophylla in response to the infection of pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum

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Abstract

Background

Pseudostellaria heterophylla ( P. heterophylla), a herbaceous perennial, belongs to Caryophyllaceae family and is one of the Chinese herbal medicine with high pharmacodynamic value. It can be used to treat the spleen deficiency, anorexia, weakness after illness and spontaneous perspiration symptoms. Our previous study found that consecutive monoculture of Pseudostellaria heterophylla could lead to the deterioration of the rhizosphere microenvironment. The specialized forms of pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.Sp. heterophylla ( F. oxysporum) in rhizosphere soils of P. heterophylla plays an important role in the consecutive monoculture of P. heterophylla.

Results

In this study, F. oxysporum was used to infect the tissue culture plantlets of P. heterophylla to study the responding process at three different infection stages by using RNA-sequencing. We obtained 127,725 transcripts and 47,655 distinct unigenes by de novo assembly and obtained annotated information in details for 25,882 unigenes. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis and the real-time quantitative PCR results suggest that the calcium signal system and WRKY transcription factor in the plant-pathogen interaction pathway may play an important role in the response process, and all of the WRKY transcription factor genes were divided into three different types. Moreover, we also found that the stimulation of F. oxysporum may result in the accumulation of some phenolics in the plantlets and the programmed cell death of the plantlets.

Conclusions

This study has partly revealed the possible molecular mechanism of the population explosion of F. oxysporum in rhizosphere soils and signal response process, which can be helpful in unraveling the role of F. oxysporum in consecutive monoculture problems of P. heterophylla.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-017-1106-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Most cited references 24

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Innate immunity in plants: an arms race between pattern recognition receptors in plants and effectors in microbial pathogens.

Thomas Boller, Sheng He (2009)

For many years, research on a suite of plant defense responses that begin when plants are exposed to general microbial elicitors was underappreciated, for a good reason: There has been no critical experimental demonstration of their importance in mediating plant resistance during pathogen infection. Today, these microbial elicitors are named pathogen- or microbe-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs or MAMPs) and the plant responses are known as PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI). Recent studies provide an elegant explanation for the difficulty of demonstrating the role of PTI in plant disease resistance. It turns out that the important contribution of PTI to disease resistance is masked by pathogen virulence effectors that have evolved to suppress it.

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Signaling in the Rhizosphere.

Vittorio Venturi, Christoph Keel (2016)

Signaling studies in the rhizosphere have focused on close interactions between plants and symbiotic microorganisms. However, this focus is likely to expand to other microorganisms because the rhizomicrobiome is important for plant health and is able to influence the structure of the microbial community. We discuss here the shaping of the rhizomicrobiome and define which aspects can be considered signaling. We divide signaling in the rhizosphere into three categories: (i) between microbes, (ii) from plants to microorganisms, and (iii) from microorganisms to plants. Signals act on diverse organisms including the plant. Mycorrhizal and rhizobial interkingdom signaling has revealed its pivotal role in establishing associations, and the recent discovery of signaling with non-symbiotic microorganisms indicates the important role of communication in shaping the rhizomicrobiome.

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CaWRKY40, a WRKY protein of pepper, plays an important role in the regulation of tolerance to heat stress and resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum infection.

Feng-Feng Dang, Xu Wang, Han Cai … (2013)

WRKY proteins form a large family of plant transcription factors implicated in the modulation of numerous biological processes, such as growth, development and responses to various environmental stresses. However, the roles of the majority WRKY family members, especially in non-model plants, remain poorly understood. We identified CaWRKY40 from pepper. Transient expression in onion epidermal cells showed that CaWRKY40 can be targeted to nuclei and activates expression of a W-box-containing reporter gene. CaWRKY40 transcripts are induced in pepper by Ralstonia solanacearum and heat shock. To assess roles of CaWRKY40 in plant stress responses we performed gain- and loss-of-function experiments. Overexpression of CaWRKY40 enhanced resistance to R. solanacearum and tolerance to heat shock in tobacco. In contrast, silencing of CaWRKY40 enhanced susceptibility to R. solanacearum and impaired thermotolerance in pepper. Consistent with its role in multiple stress responses, we found CaWRKY40 transcripts to be induced by signalling mechanisms mediated by the stress hormones salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET). Overexpression of CaWRKY40 in tobacco modified the expression of hypersensitive response (HR)-associated and pathogenesis-related genes. Collectively, our results suggest that CaWRKY40 orthologs are regulated by SA, JA and ET signalling and coordinate responses to R. solanacearum attacks and heat stress in pepper and tobacco. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Wenxiong Lin:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-5145

lwx@fafu.edu.cn

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Plant Biol

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Plant Biol

Title: BMC Plant Biology

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1471-2229

Publication date (Electronic): 18 September 2017

Publication date PMC-release: 18 September 2017

Publication date Collection: 2017

Volume: 17

Electronic Location Identifier: 155

Affiliations

[1 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1760 2876, GRID grid.256111.0, Key Laboratory for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, , Ministry of Education/College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, ; Fuzhou, 350002 People’s Republic of China

[2 ]Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, 350002 People’s Republic of China

[3 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1760 2876, GRID grid.256111.0, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, , College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, ; Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian People’s Republic of China

Author information

Wenxiong Lin http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-5145

Article

Publisher ID: 1106

DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1106-3

PMC ID: 5604279

PubMed ID: 28923015

SO-VID: cde4a048-83b6-47b0-95d6-47bcb0ead61c

License:

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

History

Date received : 19 April 2017

Date accepted : 8 September 2017

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Natural Science Foundation of China;

Award ID: Grant no. 81573530

Award Recipient : Wenxiong Lin

Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of China

Award ID: Grant no. 31401950

Award Recipient : Sheng Lin

Funded by: Major agricultural extension services

Award ID: KNJ-153015

Award Recipient : Sheng Lin

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003392, Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province;

Award ID: Grant. no 2017J01803

Award Recipient : Linkun Wu

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Plant science & Botany

Keywords: pseudostellaria heterophylla,fusarium oxysporum,transcriptome,consecutive monoculture problems,calcium signal

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Plant science & Botany

Keywords: pseudostellaria heterophylla, fusarium oxysporum, transcriptome, consecutive monoculture problems, calcium signal

Transcriptome analysis of Pseudostellaria heterophylla in response to the infection of pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum

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Arabidopsis genomics

Most cited references 24

Innate immunity in plants: an arms race between pattern recognition receptors in plants and effectors in microbial pathogens.

Signaling in the Rhizosphere.

CaWRKY40, a WRKY protein of pepper, plays an important role in the regulation of tolerance to heat stress and resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum infection.

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