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      Predictores de la seguridad alimentaria en hogares de escasos recursos en venezuela: comparación entre región central y andina

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          Abstract

          Resumen Se estudió la asociación entre la satisfacción alimentaria-nutricional (SAN) de los usuarios de Multihogares de Cuidado Diario (MCD) y el nivel de Seguridad Alimentaría en el Hogar (SAH) junto con variables socioeconómicas, demográficas y nutricionales, anteriormente señaladas como predictores de la SAH. La investigación es transversal, descriptiva y comparativa; seleccionó aleatoriamente 143 MCD de las regiones Central y Andina. Para medir SAH y SAN se utilizaron escalas previamente adaptadas y validadas en comunidades venezolanas. En cada guardería se escogió un representante con su hijo, para medir las variables estudiadas. Se realizó análisis estadístico descriptivo, bivariado y de regresión múltiple, con el programa SPSS, versión 10. A pesar de una significativa diferencia a favor de la región Central en ingreso por persona, ingreso asignado a la alimentación y diversidad alimentaria, los hogares Andinos no eran significativamente menos seguros. Las experiencias de hambre reportadas fueron mayores en la región Central. Aparentemente, en la región Andina otros recursos distintos al ingreso, no captados aquí, como autoproducción de alimentos o trueque, contribuyen a la SAH. Se validó el ingreso asignado a alimentación, el numero de niños en hogar y la diversidad alimentaría como predictores de SAH. Los datos sugieren que la alimentación infantil en los multihogares puede contribuir a realzar la SAH. Estas variables predicen el 32,5% de variación en la SAH de la muestra. Se recomienda profundizar en la valoración de programas sociales con componentes alimentario-nutricionales y su efecto sobre la SAH de los menos privilegiados. Es posible que su influencia positiva esté subvaluada

          Translated abstract

          Summary Beneficiary satisfaction with the food and nutrition component of a child care social program (MCD) together with other socioeconomic, demographic, and nutritional variables previously shown to predict the household food security (HFS) level of poor households were explored. This is a cross sectional, descriptive, comparative study on a sample of 143 MCDs in the Central and Andean regions of Venezuela. A self-perceived HFS scale and a food and nutrition satisfaction scale previously validated in Venezuelan poor communities were used to measure both variables. A mother and her child were chosen from each MCD. Data gathered using a previously tested questionnaire were analyzed with SPSS version 10. Despite a significant difference in income per capita, food income and food diversity score in favor of the Central region, Andean households were not significantly less secure. More hunger experiences were reported in the Central region. Thus, other resources not tapped in the study, such as home production and barter of food, may have improved food security levels of Andean families. The study validated food income, number of children and food diversity score as predictors of HFS. Data suggest that food received by children at the MCD may uplift HFS level. These variables explain 32.5% of HFS´s variation in the sample. Evaluation of social programs with a food and nutrition component should aim to capture the effect on HFS of less privileged homes. The positive effect of these programs may be undervalued

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Foi estudada a associação entre a satisfação alimentar-nutricional (SAN) dos usuários de Multi-lares de Cuidado Diário (MCD) e o nível de Segurança Alimentar no Lar (SAH) junto com variáveis socio-econômicas, demográficas e nutricionais, anteriormente assinaladas como predições da SAH. A investigação é transversal, descritiva e comparativa; selecionou aleatoriamente 143 MCD das regiões Central e Andina. Para medir SAH e SAN foram utilizadas escalas previamente adaptadas e validadas em comunidades venezuelanas. Em cada creche foi escolhido um representante com seu filho, para medir as variáveis estudadas. Realizou-se análise estatística descritiva, bi-variada e de regressão múltipla, com o programa SPSS, versão 10. Apesar de uma significativa diferença a favor da região Central em ingresso por pessoa, ingresso destinados à alimentação e diversidade alimentar, os lares Andinos não eram significativamente menos seguros. As experiências de fome reportadas foram maiores na região Central. Aparentemente, na região Andina outros recursos diferentes ao ingresso, não encontrados aqui, como auto-produção de alimentos ou troca, contribuem à SAH. Foi validado o ingresso destinado à alimentação, o número de crianças nos lares e a diversidade alimentar como predições da SAH. Os dados sugerem que a alimentação infantil nos multi-lares pode contribuir para realçar a SAH. Estas variáveis predizem 32,5% de variação na SAH da amostra. A recomendação é aprofundar-se na valorização de programas sociais com componentes alimentar-nutricionais e seu efeito sobre a SAH dos menos privilegiados. É possível que sua influência positiva esteja subvalorizada

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          Most cited references29

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          Food security: a post-modern perspective

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            Measuring food insecurity: the frequency and severity of “coping strategies”

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              Family and child-care provider influences on preschool children's fruit, juice, and vegetable consumption.

              Children's intakes of fruit, juice, and vegetables (FJV) do not meet the recommended minimum of five daily servings, placing them at increased risk for development of cancer and other diseases. Because children's food preferences and practices are initiated early in life (e.g., 2-5 years of age), early dietary intervention programs may have immediate nutritional benefit, as well as reduce chronic disease risk when learned healthful habits and preferences are carried into adulthood. Families and child-care settings are important social environments within which food-related behaviors among young children are developed. FJV preferences, the primary predictor of FJV consumption in children, are influenced by availability, variety, and repeated exposure. Caregivers (parents and child-care providers) can influence children's eating practices by controlling availability and accessibility of foods, meal structure, food modeling, food socialization practices, and food-related parenting style. Much remains to be learned about how these influences and practices affect the development of FJV preferences and consumption early in life.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                inci
                Interciencia
                INCI
                ASOCIACIÓN INTERCIENCIA (Caracas )
                0378-1844
                January 2003
                : 28
                : 1
                : 15-20
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad Simon Bolivar (USB) Venezuela
                [2 ] Cornell University
                Article
                S0378-18442003000100003
                cdc2be9b-4ba0-4116-a255-e866679e52c6

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Venezuela

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.ve/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0378-1844&lng=en
                Categories
                ECOLOGY

                Ecology
                Diversidad Alimentaria,Seguridad Alimentaria,Venezuela
                Ecology
                Diversidad Alimentaria, Seguridad Alimentaria, Venezuela

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