For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
4
views
41
references
 Top references
cited by
2
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      670
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Dietary niacin intake in relation to depression among adults: a population-based study

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background

          Previous studies have shown that an antioxidant diet is a protective factor against depression. However, the association between niacin, an important antioxidant consumed from the diet, and depression has received little attention. Therefore, we explored the association between niacin intake and depression through a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2016.

          Methods

          Depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9, score ≥ 10). Niacin intake was assessed through 24-h dietary recall interviews. The relationship of niacin intake with depression among adults in US was assessed by using a weighted multiple logistic regression model with subgroup analysis. Non-linear associations were explored using restricted cubic spline models. And we used a two-piece-wise logistic regression model with smoothing to explore the threshold for association between them.

          Results

          A total of 16,098 adults were included in this study. Compared with individuals with lowest niacin intake Q1 (≤ 15.96 mg/day), the adjusted OR values for dietary niacin intake and depression in Q2 (15.97–22.86 mg/day), Q3 (22.87–32.28 mg/day) and Q4 (≥ 32.29 mg/day), were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.70–1.20), 0.76 (95% CI: 0.56–0.99,) and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.48–0.98), respectively. The results were not modified by sex, by age and by BMI. Furthermore, the relationship between dietary niacin intake and depression exhibited a U-shaped curve (nonlinear, p < 0.001). And depression risk was lowest when dietary consumption of niacin was around 36 mg/day.

          Conclusions

          In present study, moderate niacin intake, but not high intake, was associated with lower odds of depression suggesting a U-shaped association.

          Supplementary Information

          The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12888-023-05188-8.

          Related collections

          Most cited references41

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure.

          K Kroenke, R L Spitzer, J. Williams (2001)
          While considerable attention has focused on improving the detection of depression, assessment of severity is also important in guiding treatment decisions. Therefore, we examined the validity of a brief, new measure of depression severity. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) is a self-administered version of the PRIME-MD diagnostic instrument for common mental disorders. The PHQ-9 is the depression module, which scores each of the 9 DSM-IV criteria as "0" (not at all) to "3" (nearly every day). The PHQ-9 was completed by 6,000 patients in 8 primary care clinics and 7 obstetrics-gynecology clinics. Construct validity was assessed using the 20-item Short-Form General Health Survey, self-reported sick days and clinic visits, and symptom-related difficulty. Criterion validity was assessed against an independent structured mental health professional (MHP) interview in a sample of 580 patients. As PHQ-9 depression severity increased, there was a substantial decrease in functional status on all 6 SF-20 subscales. Also, symptom-related difficulty, sick days, and health care utilization increased. Using the MHP reinterview as the criterion standard, a PHQ-9 score > or =10 had a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 88% for major depression. PHQ-9 scores of 5, 10, 15, and 20 represented mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression, respectively. Results were similar in the primary care and obstetrics-gynecology samples. In addition to making criteria-based diagnoses of depressive disorders, the PHQ-9 is also a reliable and valid measure of depression severity. These characteristics plus its brevity make the PHQ-9 a useful clinical and research tool.
          Article 0 comments Cited 6414 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: the PHQ primary care study. Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders. Patient Health Questionnaire.

            R L Spitzer, K Kroenke, J. Williams (1999)
            The Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME-MD) was developed as a screening instrument but its administration time has limited its clinical usefulness. To determine if the self-administered PRIME-MD Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) has validity and utility for diagnosing mental disorders in primary care comparable to the original clinician-administered PRIME-MD. Criterion standard study undertaken between May 1997 and November 1998. Eight primary care clinics in the United States. Of a total of 3000 adult patients (selected by site-specific methods to avoid sampling bias) assessed by 62 primary care physicians (21 general internal medicine, 41 family practice), 585 patients had an interview with a mental health professional within 48 hours of completing the PHQ. Patient Health Questionnaire diagnoses compared with independent diagnoses made by mental health professionals; functional status measures; disability days; health care use; and treatment/referral decisions. A total of 825 (28%) of the 3000 individuals and 170 (29%) of the 585 had a PHQ diagnosis. There was good agreement between PHQ diagnoses and those of independent mental health professionals (for the diagnosis of any 1 or more PHQ disorder, kappa = 0.65; overall accuracy, 85%; sensitivity, 75%; specificity, 90%), similar to the original PRIME-MD. Patients with PHQ diagnoses had more functional impairment, disability days, and health care use than did patients without PHQ diagnoses (for all group main effects, P<.001). The average time required of the physician to review the PHQ was far less than to administer the original PRIME-MD (<3 minutes for 85% vs 16% of the cases). Although 80% of the physicians reported that routine use of the PHQ would be useful, new management actions were initiated or planned for only 117 (32%) of the 363 patients with 1 or more PHQ diagnoses not previously recognized. Our study suggests that the PHQ has diagnostic validity comparable to the original clinician-administered PRIME-MD, and is more efficient to use.
            Article 0 comments Cited 838 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Changes in the global burden of depression from 1990 to 2017: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease study

              Qingqing Liu, Hairong He, Jin S. Yang … (2019)
              Depression is the most common mental illness worldwide. It has become an important public health problem. This study aimed to determine the global burden of depression and how it has changed between 1990 and 2017.
              Article 0 comments Cited 382 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Wei Wu: 13807038803@163.com
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Psychiatry
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Psychiatry
                Title: BMC Psychiatry
                Publisher: BioMed Central (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1471-244X
                Publication date (Electronic): 18 September 2023
                Publication date PMC-release: 18 September 2023
                Publication date Collection: 2023
                Volume: 23
                Electronic Location Identifier: 678
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, ( https://ror.org/01nxv5c88) No.1, Minde Road, East Lake District, Nanchang, 330006 People’s Republic of China
                [2 ]Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, ( https://ror.org/042v6xz23) No.1, Minde Road, East Lake District, Nanchang, 330006 People’s Republic of China
                Article
                Publisher ID: 5188
                DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05188-8
                PMC ID: 10506255
                PubMed ID: 37723526
                SO-VID: cdb73d47-43bf-4202-a722-7a79e0e04e0a
                Copyright © © BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2023
                License:

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

                History
                Date received : 15 February 2023
                Date accepted : 12 September 2023
                Funding
                Funded by: Jiangxi Province Postgraduate Innovation Special Fund
                Award ID: YC2022-B065
                Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of China
                Award ID: 82160227
                Funded by: Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education Science and Technology Program Project
                Award ID: GJJ210125
                Categories
                Subject: Research
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2023

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: depression,niacin,u-shaped,cross-sectional study,nhanes
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: depression, niacin, u-shaped, cross-sectional study, nhanes

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content670

                See all similar

                Cited by2

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors549

                See all reference authors