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      Solarização para controle de Phytophthora parasitica em mudas de citros Translated title: Solarization to control Phytophthora parasitica on citrus seedlings

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          Abstract

          O uso de solarização tem-se mostrado eficiente para o controle de fitopatógenos habitantes do solo. No caso de Phytophthora parasitica, agente causal de podridão de raízes em viveiros de citros (Citrus spp.), utiliza-se, normalmente, desinfestação com brometo de metila, produto altamente tóxico ao homem e à comunidade microbiana do solo. Neste trabalho, verificou-se a eficiência da solarização em substrato pré-colonizado com P. parasitica por meio de dois métodos: sacos plásticos e coletor solar. Os experimentos foram realizados no inverno e no verão. No inverno, o delineamento foi em blocos ao acaso com oito tratamentos (coletor solar por 24 h e 48 h, saco plástico por 24 h e 48 h, coletor solar por 48 h + Trichoderma spp., Trichoderma spp., testemunha à sombra inoculada e não inoculada) e quatro repetições com 15 plantas. A avaliação foi feita pelo teste de isca para recuperação do patógeno e pelo desenvolvimento das plântulas de citros após três meses do transplantio para os tubetes. No verão, os tratamentos foram um, dois, sete e 14 dias de solarização em sacos plásticos, e a avaliação foi feita apenas pelo teste de isca para recuperação do patógeno. A solarização do substrato para produção de mudas em coletor solar (tubos com 10 cm de diâmetro) por 24 h (inverno e verão) e em sacos plásticos (20 x 25 x 4 cm³) por 48 h no verão eliminou P. parasitica propiciando melhor desenvolvimento das mudas.

          Translated abstract

          Solarization has been efficient in controlling soil borne pathogens. Phytophthora parasitica, the causal agent of root rot in citrus (Citrus spp.) nurseries, is usually treated by using methyl bromide for soil disinfestations. This product is highly toxic to man as well as to the soil microbial community. Solarization was efficient in both winter and summer P. parasitica pre-colonized substratum. The winter experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with eight treatments (solar collector 24 h and 48 h, plastic bag 24 h and 48 h, solar collector 48 + Trichoderma spp., Trichoderma spp., inoculated and non-inoculated control at shadow), with four repetitions using 15 plants/parcel. Inoculated treatments were solarized and used to fill the containers where seedlings were transplanted. Evaluation was made by means of bait test for recovering pathogen and by citrus seedling development three months later. For summer solarization, the effect in plastic bags was evaluated at one, two, seven and 14 days. This evaluation was made by bait test. Results showed that the solarization of substratum for seedling production eliminates P. parasitica in solar collectors (10-cm-diameter containers) for 24 h in winter as well as in summer (allowing a better seedling growth), and in plastic bags (20 x 25 x 4 cm³) for 48 h in summer.

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          Most cited references23

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          Biocontrol of soil-borne plant pathogens: Concepts and their application

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            Effect of Soil Solarization and Cover Crops on Populations of Selected Soilborne Plant Pathogens in Western Oregon

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              Solar Pasteurization of Soils for Disease

              J. Katan (1980)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
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                Fitopatologia Brasileira
                Fitopatol. bras.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Fitopatologia (Brasília, DF, Brazil )
                0100-4158
                1678-4677
                June 2002
                : 27
                : 3
                : 254-258
                Affiliations
                [01] Curitiba PR orgnameUniversidade Federal do Paraná orgdiv1Setor de Ciências Agrárias orgdiv2Departamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanitarismo louisela@ 123456agrarias.ufpr.br
                [02] Jaguariúna SP orgnameEmbrapa Meio Ambiente
                [03] Piracicaba SP orgname'Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz' orgdiv1Departamento de Entomologia, Fitopatologia e Zoologia Agrícola
                Article
                S0100-41582002000300003 S0100-4158(02)02700303
                10.1590/S0100-41582002000300003
                cb3f3d05-8da0-4b40-966e-018a96658d85

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 29 January 2002
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 23, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos

                controle físico,solo,energia solar
                controle físico, solo, energia solar

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