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      Preliminary evaluation of physical characteristics of soils from Mediterranean cork oak forests: post fire long term assessment Translated title: Avaliação preliminar das características físicas de solos de sobreirais mediterrânicos: Avaliação a longo prazo após o fogo

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          Abstract

          Abstract Fire is an agent that promotes considerable changes in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soils and, consequently, in the landscape. Fire severity and duration, and intrinsic characteristics of the soils lead to different trajectories of soil recovery. Numerous studies focus on short term fire effects on soils but, the long-term post fire dynamics remains unclear. The present study was conducted in soils mainly Leptosols, from cork oak forests at Serra do Caldeirão (Algarve region, southern Portugal). Two severe wildfires occurred in this area, in 2004 and 2012. Undisturbed soil samples (<5 cm of depth) were collected in 2020 on plots burned in 2004, burned in 2012 and unburned (a total of 47 plots). The soil samples were analysed for the physical properties namely, bulk density, porosity, % of coarse/fine fraction and moisture. For all the studied parameters, the results showed no significant differences between burned and unburned areas, indicating considerable soil system resilience to forest fires. The study suggests the need of further analyses in order to understand the recovery processes of this forest system.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo O fogo é um agente que altera as características físicas, químicas e biológicas dos solos e, consequentemente, da paisagem. A severidade e duração do fogo, assim como as características intrínsecas dos solos, conduzem a diferentes trajectórias de recuperação do solo. Numerosos estudos concentram-se nos efeitos do fogo nos solos a curto prazo, mas a dinâmica pós-fogo a longo prazo permanece incerta. O presente estudo foi realizado em solos, principalmente Leptossolos, do sobreiral da Serra do Caldeirão (Região do Algarve, Sul de Portugal). Esta área foi sujeita a dois incêndios florestais graves em 2004 e 2012. Amostras não perturbadas de solo (<5 cm de profundidade) foram colhidas em 2020 em parcelas queimadas em 2004 e 2012 e não queimadas (total de 47 parcelas). As amostras foram analisadas quanto às propriedades físicas, tais como densidade aparente, porosidade, % da fracção grosseira/fina e humidade. Os resultados obtidos para todos os parâmetros estudados não mostraram diferenças significativas entre as áreas ardidas e não ardidas, indicando considerável resiliência dos solos aos incêndios florestais. Este estudo sugere a necessidade de análises complementares para melhor compreender os processos de recuperação que intervêm neste sistema florestal.

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          Effects of fire on properties of forest soils: a review.

          Many physical, chemical, mineralogical, and biological soil properties can be affected by forest fires. The effects are chiefly a result of burn severity, which consists of peak temperatures and duration of the fire. Climate, vegetation, and topography of the burnt area control the resilience of the soil system; some fire-induced changes can even be permanent. Low to moderate severity fires, such as most of those prescribed in forest management, promote renovation of the dominant vegetation through elimination of undesired species and transient increase of pH and available nutrients. No irreversible ecosystem change occurs, but the enhancement of hydrophobicity can render the soil less able to soak up water and more prone to erosion. Severe fires, such as wildfires, generally have several negative effects on soil. They cause significant removal of organic matter, deterioration of both structure and porosity, considerable loss of nutrients through volatilisation, ash entrapment in smoke columns, leaching and erosion, and marked alteration of both quantity and specific composition of microbial and soil-dwelling invertebrate communities. However, despite common perceptions, if plants succeed in promptly recolonising the burnt area, the pre-fire level of most properties can be recovered and even enhanced. This work is a review of the up-to-date literature dealing with changes imposed by fires on properties of forest soils. Ecological implications of these changes are described.
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            Das geographische System de Klimate

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              Post-fire soil management

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rca
                Revista de Ciências Agrárias
                Rev. de Ciências Agrárias
                Sociedade de Ciências Agrárias de Portugal (Lisboa, , Portugal )
                0871-018X
                December 2022
                : 45
                : 4
                : 1171-1180
                Affiliations
                [2] Lisbon orgnameUniversidade de Lisboa orgdiv1Instituto Superior de Agronomia orgdiv2Centro de Ecologia Aplicada “Professor Baeta Neves”, InBio Portugal
                [5] Valencia Valencia orgnameUniversitat Politécnica de Valencia orgdiv1Institute of Information and Communication Technologies Spain
                [3] A Coruña orgnameInproyen Consulting Spain
                [4] Lisbon orgnameUniversidade de Lisboa orgdiv1Instituto Superior de Agronomia orgdiv2Centro de Estudo Florestais Portugal
                [1] Lisbon orgnameUniversidade de Lisboa orgdiv1Instituto Superior de Agronomia orgdiv2LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA Portugal
                Article
                S0871-018X2022000301171 S0871-018X(22)04500401171
                10.19084/rca.28765
                cab976a7-b2d7-4cca-8daf-91d876c01185

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 13, Pages: 10
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                SciELO Portugal


                Quercus suber,Resiliência,Leptossolos,Mediterrâneo,pós-fogo,Resilience,Leptosols,Mediterranean,post-fire

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