Atmospheric methane removal: a research agenda

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Abstract

Atmospheric methane removal (e.g. in situ methane oxidation to carbon dioxide) may be needed to offset continued methane release and limit the global warming contribution of this potent greenhouse gas. Because mitigating most anthropogenic emissions of methane is uncertain this century, and sudden methane releases from the Arctic or elsewhere cannot be excluded, technologies for methane removal or oxidation may be required. Carbon dioxide removal has an increasingly well-established research agenda and technological foundation. No similar framework exists for methane removal. We believe that a research agenda for negative methane emissions—‘removal' or atmospheric methane oxidation—is needed. We outline some considerations for such an agenda here, including a proposed Methane Removal Model Intercomparison Project (MR-MIP).

This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Rising methane: is warming feeding warming? (part 1)'.

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Electrochemical Photolysis of Water at a Semiconductor Electrode

Akira Fujishima, Kenichi Honda (1972)

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The Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and their energy, land use, and greenhouse gas emissions implications: An overview

Keywan Riahi, Detlef Van Vuuren, Elmar Kriegler … (2017)

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Carbon capture and storage (CCS): the way forward

Niall Mac Dowell, Berend Smit, J P Martin Trusler … (2018)

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is vital to climate change mitigation, and has application across the economy, in addition to facilitating atmospheric carbon dioxide removal resulting in emissions offsets and net negative emissions. This contribution reviews the state-of-the-art and identifies key challenges which must be overcome in order to pave the way for its large-scale deployment. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is broadly recognised as having the potential to play a key role in meeting climate change targets, delivering low carbon heat and power, decarbonising industry and, more recently, its ability to facilitate the net removal of CO 2 from the atmosphere. However, despite this broad consensus and its technical maturity, CCS has not yet been deployed on a scale commensurate with the ambitions articulated a decade ago. Thus, in this paper we review the current state-of-the-art of CO 2 capture, transport, utilisation and storage from a multi-scale perspective, moving from the global to molecular scales. In light of the COP21 commitments to limit warming to less than 2 °C, we extend the remit of this study to include the key negative emissions technologies (NETs) of bioenergy with CCS (BECCS), and direct air capture (DAC). Cognisant of the non-technical barriers to deploying CCS, we reflect on recent experience from the UK's CCS commercialisation programme and consider the commercial and political barriers to the large-scale deployment of CCS. In all areas, we focus on identifying and clearly articulating the key research challenges that could usefully be addressed in the coming decade.

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Robert B. Jackson:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8846-7147

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci

Journal ID (publisher-id): RSTA

Journal ID (hwp): roypta

Title: Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences

Publisher: The Royal Society

ISSN (Print): 1364-503X

ISSN (Electronic): 1471-2962

Publication date (Print, pub): November 15, 2021

Publication date (Electronic, pub): September 27, 2021

Publication date PMC-release: September 27, 2021

Volume: 379

Issue: 2210 , Discussion meeting issue ‘Rising methane: is warming feeding warming? (part 1)’ organised and edited by Euan G. Nisbet, Anna E. Jones, John A. Pyle FRS and Ute M. Skiba

Electronic Location Identifier: 20200454

Affiliations

[ ¹ ] Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, , Stanford, CA 94305-2210, USA

[ ² ] Woods Institute for the Environment, and Precourt Institute for Energy, Stanford University, , Stanford, CA 94305-2210, USA

[ ³ ] Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, , Stanford, CA, USA

[ ⁴ ] Department of Chemical Engineering and SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Stanford University, , Stanford, CA, USA

[ ⁵ ] Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, , Stanford, CA, USA

[ ⁶ ] SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, , Stanford, CA, USA

[ ⁷ ] Global Carbon Project, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, , Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia

[ ⁸ ] Department of Earth System Science, University of California at Irvine, , Irvine, CA 92697, USA

[ ⁹ ] Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change, , Berlin, Germany

[ ¹⁰ ] Geographisches Institut, Humboldt Universität zu, , Berlin, Germany

[ ¹¹ ] Met Office Hadley Centre, , FitzRoy Road, Exeter EX1 3PB, UK

[ ¹² ] Department of Geography Planning and Environment, Concordia University, , Montreal, Quebec, Canada

[ ¹³ ] Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of Pennsylvania, , Pennsylvania, PA, USA

[ ¹⁴ ] Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, , Montpellier, Languedoc-Roussillon FR, USA

[ ¹⁵ ] Department of Geography, Simon Fraser University, , Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, V5A 1S6

Author notes

One contribution of 12 to a discussion meeting issue ‘ Rising methane: is warming feeding warming? (part 1)’.

Author information

Robert B. Jackson http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8846-7147

Josep G. Canadell http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-3218

Sabine Fuss http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8681-9839

Alexander J. Heyer http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4362-8191

H. Damon Matthews http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3625-390X

Fiona M. O'Connor http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2893-4828

Maxwell Pisciotta http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5642-4476

Hannah M. Rhoda http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5730-5209

Edward I. Solomon http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0291-3199

Kirsten Zickfeld http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8866-6541

Article

Publisher ID: rsta20200454

DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0454

PMC ID: 8473948

PubMed ID: 34565221

SO-VID: ca91f7f9-f5ad-484f-82aa-0fc15dd108de

License:

Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.

History

Date accepted : May 20, 2021

Funding

Funded by: Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010869;

Custom metadata

cover-date November 15, 2021

Keywords: methane oxidation,negative emissions,methane removal model intercomparison project,iron salt aerosols,solar photocatalysts,zeolites

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Keywords: methane oxidation, negative emissions, methane removal model intercomparison project, iron salt aerosols, solar photocatalysts, zeolites

Atmospheric methane removal: a research agenda

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Most cited references 118

Electrochemical Photolysis of Water at a Semiconductor Electrode

The Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and their energy, land use, and greenhouse gas emissions implications: An overview

Carbon capture and storage (CCS): the way forward

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