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      Malnutrition- inflammation- atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome associates with periodontitis in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis: a cross-sectional study

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          Abstract

          Malnutrition-inflammation-atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome is a significant risk factor for mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis. This study aimed to investigate the association between MIA syndrome and oral health status in hemodialysis patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 254 hemodialysis patients. Comprehensive medical and dental examinations were performed. Three components were included to define MIA syndrome: Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index, serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and history of cardiovascular events as indicators of malnutrition, inflammation, and atherosclerosis, respectively. The association of MIA syndrome components with periodontitis and occlusal support was examined by multiple-ordered logistic regression analysis. Of 254 participants, 188 (74.0%) had at least one component of MIA syndrome. After adjusting for possible confounding factors, severe periodontitis was significantly associated with presence of more components of MIA syndrome (odds ratio [OR]: 2.64, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.44–4.84, p = 0.002) and inflammation and malnutrition components (OR: 2.47 and 3.46, 95% CI 1.16–5.28 and 1.70–7.05, p = 0.020 and 0.001). On the other hand, occlusal support, evaluated by Eichner index, was not significantly associated with MIA syndrome or any of its components. In conclusion, periodontitis is associated with MIA syndrome, particularly with inflammation and malnutrition in hemodialysis patients, independent of occlusal support.

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          Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization.

          End-stage renal disease substantially increases the risks of death, cardiovascular disease, and use of specialized health care, but the effects of less severe kidney dysfunction on these outcomes are less well defined. We estimated the longitudinal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) among 1,120,295 adults within a large, integrated system of health care delivery in whom serum creatinine had been measured between 1996 and 2000 and who had not undergone dialysis or kidney transplantation. We examined the multivariable association between the estimated GFR and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization. The median follow-up was 2.84 years, the mean age was 52 years, and 55 percent of the group were women. After adjustment, the risk of death increased as the GFR decreased below 60 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area: the adjusted hazard ratio for death was 1.2 with an estimated GFR of 45 to 59 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.1 to 1.2), 1.8 with an estimated GFR of 30 to 44 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.7 to 1.9), 3.2 with an estimated GFR of 15 to 29 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 (95 percent confidence interval, 3.1 to 3.4), and 5.9 with an estimated GFR of less than 15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 (95 percent confidence interval, 5.4 to 6.5). The adjusted hazard ratio for cardiovascular events also increased inversely with the estimated GFR: 1.4 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.4 to 1.5), 2.0 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.9 to 2.1), 2.8 (95 percent confidence interval, 2.6 to 2.9), and 3.4 (95 percent confidence interval, 3.1 to 3.8), respectively. The adjusted risk of hospitalization with a reduced estimated GFR followed a similar pattern. An independent, graded association was observed between a reduced estimated GFR and the risk of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization in a large, community-based population. These findings highlight the clinical and public health importance of chronic renal insufficiency. Copyright 2004 Massachusetts Medical Society
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            Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index: a new index for evaluating at-risk elderly medical patients.

            Patients at risk of malnutrition and related morbidity and mortality can be identified with the Nutritional Risk Index (NRI). However, this index remains limited for elderly patients because of difficulties in establishing their normal weight. Therefore, we replaced the usual weight in this formula by ideal weight according to the Lorentz formula (WLo), creating a new index called the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI). First, a prospective study enrolled 181 hospitalized elderly patients. Nutritional status [albumin, prealbumin, and body mass index (BMI)] and GNRI were assessed. GNRI correlated with a severity score taking into account complications (bedsores or infections) and 6-mo mortality. Second, the GNRI was measured prospectively in 2474 patients admitted to a geriatric rehabilitation care unit over a 3-y period. The severity score correlated with albumin and GNRI but not with BMI or weight:WLo. Risk of mortality (odds ratio) and risk of complications were, respectively, 29 (95% CI: 5.2, 161.4) and 4.4 (95% CI: 1.3, 14.9) for major nutrition-related risk (GNRI: <82), 6.6 (95% CI: 1.3, 33.0), 4.9 (95% CI: 1.9, 12.5) for moderate nutrition-related risk (GNRI: 82 to <92), and 5.6 (95% CI: 1.2, 26.6) and 3.3 (95% CI: 1.4, 8.0) for a low nutrition-related risk (GNRI: 92 to < or =98). Accordingly, 12.2%, 31.4%, 29.4%, and 27.0% of the 2474 patients had major, moderate, low, and no nutrition-related risk, respectively. GNRI is a simple and accurate tool for predicting the risk of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized elderly patients and should be recorded systematically on admission.
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              Markers of Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease: Application to Clinical and Public Health Practice: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Heart Association

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                mizutani.peri@tmd.ac.jp
                Journal
                Sci Rep
                Sci Rep
                Scientific Reports
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2045-2322
                21 July 2023
                21 July 2023
                2023
                : 13
                : 11805
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.265073.5, ISNI 0000 0001 1014 9130, Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, , Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), ; 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8549 Japan
                [2 ]GRID grid.258269.2, ISNI 0000 0004 1762 2738, Department of Nephrology, , Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, ; Tokyo, Japan
                [3 ]GRID grid.265073.5, ISNI 0000 0001 1014 9130, Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, , Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), ; Tokyo, Japan
                [4 ]Department of Internal Medicine, Saiyu Soka Hospital, Saitama, Japan
                [5 ]GRID grid.462431.6, ISNI 0000 0001 2156 468X, Department of Periodontology, , Kanagawa Dental University, ; Kanagawa, Japan
                [6 ]GRID grid.19006.3e, ISNI 0000 0000 9632 6718, Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive Sciences, , UCLA School of Dentistry, ; Los Angeles, CA USA
                [7 ]GRID grid.474906.8, Oral Diagnosis and General Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital, ; Tokyo, Japan
                [8 ]GRID grid.508290.6, Oral Care Periodontics Center, Southern TOHOKU General Hospital, ; Fukushima, Japan
                Article
                38959
                10.1038/s41598-023-38959-0
                10361958
                37479734
                ca132e90-fa6b-4a36-a0ff-2ee079f63d47
                © The Author(s) 2023

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 25 April 2023
                : 18 July 2023
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011907, Mishima Kaiun Memorial Foundation;
                Funded by: the 8020 Research Grant from 8020 Promotion Foundation
                Award ID: 22-2-08
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001700, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology;
                Award ID: 20K18497
                Award ID: 19K10125
                Award ID: 20K08617
                Award Recipient :
                Categories
                Article
                Custom metadata
                © Springer Nature Limited 2023

                Uncategorized
                periodontitis,occlusion,oral conditions,periodontics,haemodialysis
                Uncategorized
                periodontitis, occlusion, oral conditions, periodontics, haemodialysis

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