10
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Soft rot on the stems of Zamioculcas zamiifolia caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Translated title: Podridão da haste de Zamioculcas zamiifolia causada por Sclerotium rolfsii

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Abstract Zamioculcas zamiifolia (Araceae) is one of the most widely grown exotic species in Brazil as ornamental plants and in landscape design. Despite tolerating transport and being well adapted to low-light environments, this ornamental is attacked by different pathogens. Thus, the aim was to detect and identify the pathogen that causes stem rot in commercial Z. zamiifolia crops. Z. zamiifolia plants exhibiting stem rot symptoms were sent for phytosanitary diagnosis. In a culture medium, the fungal isolate obtained (SR-001) displayed the following morphological characteristics: cotton-like aerial mycelium, septate hyaline hyphae with no spore production, and the formation of small brown spherical sclerotia. To confirm pathogenicity, Z. zamiifolia plants were inoculated with the SR-001 isolate and, after fifteen days, the fungus was re-isolated when the same rot symptoms emerged. The SR-001 isolate was identified as Sclerotium rolfsii and its representative sequence was deposited in GenBank (Access MG694322). This fungal isolate has not been associated with diseases in Z. zamiifolia in Brazil, and this is the first report of the fungus infecting this ornamental plant species in a cultivated area.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo A espécie Zamioculcas zamiifolia (Araceae) está entre as espécies exóticas mais utilizadas e cultivadas no Brasil como plantas ornamentais e requisitada em projetos de paisagismo. Apesar de apresentar durabilidade no transporte e adaptação em ambientes com pouca luz, esta ornamental é acometida por diferentes patógenos. Assim o objetivo foi detectar e identificar o patógeno causador de podridão na haste de Z. zamiifolia em cultivos comerciais. Plantas de Z. zamiifolia apresentando sintomas de podridão nas hastes foram encaminhadas para diagnose fitossanitária. O isolado fúngico obtido, SR-001, apresentou, em meio de cultura, características morfológicas de micélio aéreo de aspecto cotonoso, hifas hialinas septadas, sem produção de esporos, e com formação de pequenos escleródios esféricos de coloração marrom. Para comprovar a patogenicidade, plantas de Z. zamiifolia foram inoculadas com o isolado SR-001 e, após quinze dias, procedeu-se o reisolamento do fungo quando do aparecimento dos mesmos sintomas de podridão. O isolado SR-001 foi identificado como Sclerotium rolfsii e a sequência representativa de S. rolfsii foi depositada no GenBank (Acesso MG694322). Este isolado fúngico não tem sido associado com doenças em Z. zamiifolia no Brasil, sendo assim este o primeiro relato do fungo infectando essa espécie de planta ornamental em área de cultivo.

          Related collections

          Most cited references15

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Effects of Plant Tissue and DNA Purification Method on Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA-based Genetic Fingerprinting Analysis in Carrot

          Seven plant genomic DNA purification protocols were evaluated for genetic fingerprinting analysis using six tissues obtained from inbred carrot ( Daucus carota L.) lines. Evaluations included 1) DNA yield, 2) DNA purity, 3) DNA cleavage with Hin dIII, 4) DNA integrity, and 5) DNA suitability for amplification in a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) system. Significant differences were observed among tissues and purification methods for the total amount of DNA. An extraction method using CTAB buffer + organic solvents gave the best results in DNA yield, purity, and Hin dIII cleavage when compared with the other six nonorganic extraction methods. Of the tissues examined, flowers yielded the most DNA (average value = 115 ng of DNA/mg of fresh tissue); followed by seeds (54 ng·mg -1 ), fresh leaves (48 ng·mg -1 ), lyophilized leaves (40 ng·mg -1 ), calli (22 ng·mg -1 ), and tap roots (4 ng·mg -1 ). For most of the preparations, the DNA showed no traces of degradation. However, DNA preparations were not consistently accessible to Hin dIII cleavage in all tissue-extraction method combinations. Uncut DNA was observed chiefly in extractions from flowers and fresh leaves suggesting a tissue-specific adverse effect on restriction endonuclease activity. Differences in RAPD band (amplicon) intensity and number were observed across tissues and DNA extraction methods using identical PCR conditions for RAPD. Callus was the best type of tissue for RAPD-based fingerprinting yielding a consistently higher number of more intense amplicons when compared to the other tissues. In flowers and seeds, only DNA obtained with the CTAB extraction method could be amplified. Polymorphisms deviating from genetic expectations were mainly observed in root and fresh leaf DNA, indicating that some RAPD markers may not present satisfactory levels of reproducibility. Judicious and uniform selection of DNA purification method as well as tissue source for DNA extraction are, therefore, important considerations for reliable RAPD-based DNA fingerprinting analysis in carrot. In addition, our studies allowed the identification of a better combination of procedures for use in routine manipulations of carrot DNA such as RFLP-RAPD-based cultivar fingerprinting, molecular mapping, screening of transgenic plants, construction of genomic libraries, and gene cloning.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation Reduces Germination and Affects Colonization of Sclerotium rolfsii Sclerotia.

            Growth chamber and field studies were conducted with organic amendment mixtures of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) at C:N ratios 10:1, 20:1, 30:1, and 40:1 and amendment rates of C at 2, 4, 6, and 8 mg/g of soil (C:N ratio 30:1) to evaluate anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) effects on germination and colonization of Sclerotium rolfsii. In the growth chamber, sclerotial germination was reduced in all ASD treatments regardless of C:N ratio (0.6 to 8.5% germination) or amendment rate (7.5 to 46%) as compared with nonamended controls (21 to 36% and 61 to 96%, respectively). ASD treatment increased Trichoderma spp. colonization of sclerotia, with consistently higher colonization in ASD treatments with amendment rates of C at 2 or 4 mg/g of soil (>87% colonization) compared with nonamended controls (<50% colonization). In the 2014 field study, sclerotial germination was reduced by 24 to 30% in ASD treatments when compared with the nonamended control. Sclerotial colonization by Trichoderma spp. was predominant; however, other potential mycoparasites (i.e., Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp., zygomycetes, and other fungi) were present in the field study. Amendment C:N ratios in the range of 10:1 to 40:1 were equally effective in reducing sclerotial germination and enhancing colonization by potentially beneficial mycoparasites of sclerotia.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Comparative Growth, Morphology, and Physiology of Three Sclerotium Species

                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                oh
                Ornamental Horticulture
                Ornam. Hortic.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Floricultura e Plantas Ornamentais (Viçosa, MG, Brazil )
                2447-536X
                December 2019
                : 25
                : 4
                : 402-406
                Affiliations
                [1] Goiânia GO orgnameFederal University of Goias Brazil
                Article
                S2447-536X2019000400402 S2447-536X(19)02500400402
                10.1590/2447-536x.v25i4.2019
                c8c8defc-39b6-45b9-b272-b6dd1b0011d9

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 19 February 2019
                : 22 October 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 16, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Technical Article

                Sclerotium rolfsii,Damping-off,plantas ornamentais,podridão-de-esclerotium,ornamental plants,sclerotium rot

                Comments

                Comment on this article