Exploring challenges among Iranian family caregivers of seniors with multiple chronic conditions: a qualitative research study

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Background

It is believed that seniors with multiple chronic diseases are in dire need of support from their family caregivers; however, it can impose a significant burden on these caregivers. Therefore, it is imperative to take into account caregivers’ needs, as covert patients, along with the needs of patients; besides, it is necessary to develop supportive and health promotion programs for them. There is a critical gap in the knowledge about health problems related to family caregivers of the growing population of these senior citizens. The present study aimed to explain the challenges imposed on family caregivers of seniors with several chronic diseases in Iran.

Methods

This study was conducted based on the conventional qualitative content analysis method. For this purpose, 13 family caregivers of seniors with several chronic diseases were selected using the purposive sampling method. The study population included those referred to two health centers and outpatient clinics of two public hospitals in Khorramabad, Iran. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed along with data collection using inductive thematic analysis proposed by Elo and Kyngäs. Besides, Guba and Lincoln ’s criteria were used to ensure the trustworthiness of the data.

Results

The analysis of the obtained data led to the identification of challenges of family caregivers of the older patients with multiple chronic diseases; these challenges were classified into six main categories, including the impact of caregiving on family relationships, disruption of social relationships, disruption of personal and occupational plans, physical health-related issues, negative emotions, and dealing with the high costs of care.

Conclusions

Given that family caregivers may face several challenges while taking care of seniors with multiple chronic diseases, healthcare providers should design and plan various interventions based on such challenges using a caregiver-centered approach.

Related collections

Most cited references 19

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Three approaches to qualitative content analysis.

Hsiu-Fang Hsieh, Sarah Shannon (2016)

Content analysis is a widely used qualitative research technique. Rather than being a single method, current applications of content analysis show three distinct approaches: conventional, directed, or summative. All three approaches are used to interpret meaning from the content of text data and, hence, adhere to the naturalistic paradigm. The major differences among the approaches are coding schemes, origins of codes, and threats to trustworthiness. In conventional content analysis, coding categories are derived directly from the text data. With a directed approach, analysis starts with a theory or relevant research findings as guidance for initial codes. A summative content analysis involves counting and comparisons, usually of keywords or content, followed by the interpretation of the underlying context. The authors delineate analytic procedures specific to each approach and techniques addressing trustworthiness with hypothetical examples drawn from the area of end-of-life care.

0 comments Cited 5499 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

The qualitative content analysis process.

Satu Elo, Helvi Kyngäs (2008)

This paper is a description of inductive and deductive content analysis. Content analysis is a method that may be used with either qualitative or quantitative data and in an inductive or deductive way. Qualitative content analysis is commonly used in nursing studies but little has been published on the analysis process and many research books generally only provide a short description of this method. When using content analysis, the aim was to build a model to describe the phenomenon in a conceptual form. Both inductive and deductive analysis processes are represented as three main phases: preparation, organizing and reporting. The preparation phase is similar in both approaches. The concepts are derived from the data in inductive content analysis. Deductive content analysis is used when the structure of analysis is operationalized on the basis of previous knowledge. Inductive content analysis is used in cases where there are no previous studies dealing with the phenomenon or when it is fragmented. A deductive approach is useful if the general aim was to test a previous theory in a different situation or to compare categories at different time periods.

0 comments Cited 2923 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Differences between caregivers and noncaregivers in psychological health and physical health: A meta-analysis.

Martin Pinquart, Silvia Sörensen (2003)

Providing care for a frail older adult has been described as a stressful experience that may erode psychological well-being and physical health of caregivers. In this meta-analysis, the authors integrated findings from 84 articles on differences between caregivers and noncaregivers in perceived stress, depression, general subjective well-being, physical health, and self-efficacy. The largest differences were found with regard to depression (g = .58), stress (g = .55), self-efficacy (g = .54), and general subjective well-being (g = -.40). Differences in the levels of physical health in favor of noncaregivers were statistically significant, but small (g = .18). However, larger differences were found between dementia caregivers and noncaregivers than between heterogeneous samples of caregivers and noncaregivers. Differences were also influenced by the quality of the study, relationship of caregiver to the care recipient, gender, and mean age of caregivers.

0 comments Cited 280 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Contributors

Sahar Malmir: s.maleh@modares.ac.ir

Hassan Navipour: naviporh@modares.ac.ir

Reza Negarandeh: rnegarandeh@tums.ac.ir

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Geriatr

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Geriatr

Title: BMC Geriatrics

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1471-2318

Publication date (Electronic): 1 April 2022

Publication date PMC-release: 1 April 2022

Publication date Collection: 2022

Volume: 22

Electronic Location Identifier: 270

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.412266.5, ISNI 0000 0001 1781 3962, Nursing Department, Faculty of Medical Science, , Tarbiat Modares University, ; Tehran, Iran

[2 ]GRID grid.412266.5, ISNI 0000 0001 1781 3962, Department of Nursing, School of Medical Sciences, , Tarbiat Modares University, ; Tehran, Iran

[3 ]GRID grid.411705.6, ISNI 0000 0001 0166 0922, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, , Tehran University of Medical Sciences, ; Tehran, Iran

Article

Publisher ID: 2881

DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-02881-3

PMC ID: 8973877

PubMed ID: 35365077

SO-VID: c7fcde7c-bda9-4a4a-9974-f343172c5c63

License:

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

History

Date received : 29 July 2021

Date accepted : 2 March 2022

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Geriatric medicine

Keywords: family caregiver,seniors with multiple chronic illness,challenges,qualitative research,content analysis

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Geriatric medicine

Keywords: family caregiver, seniors with multiple chronic illness, challenges, qualitative research, content analysis

Exploring challenges among Iranian family caregivers of seniors with multiple chronic conditions: a qualitative research study

Read this article at

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Related collections

Hearing Loss and Restoration

Most cited references 19

Three approaches to qualitative content analysis.

The qualitative content analysis process.

Differences between caregivers and noncaregivers in psychological health and physical health: A meta-analysis.

Author and article information

Contributors

Journal

Affiliations

Article

History

Categories

Custom metadata

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 236

Cited by 3