Evaluation of genotoxicity and 13-week subchronic toxicity of root of Asarum heterotropoides var. seoulense (Nakai) Kitag

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Abstract

<p xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="first" id="d8604244e182">Asarum heterotropoides var. seoulense (Nakai) Kitag is a traditional herbal medicine used in Korea and China. It is effective in aphthous stomatitis, local anesthesia, headache, toothache, gingivitis, and inflammatory diseases. However, information on the toxicity of the root of Asarum heterotropoides var. seoulense (Nakai) Kitag (AR) is limited. Therefore, preclinical toxicity studies on AR are needed to reduce the risk of excessive intake. </p>

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The comet assay (single-cell gel electrophoresis) is a simple method for measuring deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strand breaks in eukaryotic cells. Cells embedded in agarose on a microscope slide are lysed with detergent and high salt to form nucleoids containing supercoiled loops of DNA linked to the nuclear matrix. Electrophoresis at high pH results in structures resembling comets, observed by fluorescence microscopy; the intensity of the comet tail relative to the head reflects the number of DNA breaks. The likely basis for this is that loops containing a break lose their supercoiling and become free to extend toward the anode. The assay has applications in testing novel chemicals for genotoxicity, monitoring environmental contamination with genotoxins, human biomonitoring and molecular epidemiology, and fundamental research in DNA damage and repair. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay are greatly enhanced if the nucleoids are incubated with bacterial repair endonucleases that recognize specific kinds of damage in the DNA and convert lesions to DNA breaks, increasing the amount of DNA in the comet tail. DNA repair can be monitored by incubating cells after treatment with damaging agent and measuring the damage remaining at intervals. Alternatively, the repair activity in a cell extract can be measured by incubating it with nucleoids containing specific damage.

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Yong-Bum Kim: (View ORCID Profile)

Journal

Title: Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Abbreviated Title: Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Publisher: Elsevier BV

ISSN (Print): 03788741

Publication date Created: April 2023

Publication date (Print): April 2023

Volume: 305

Page: 116012

Article

DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116012

PubMed ID: 36567041

SO-VID: c5e9e794-6db3-4e13-bd9b-ba2f62158a16

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https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

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Evaluation of genotoxicity and 13-week subchronic toxicity of root of Asarum heterotropoides var. seoulense (Nakai) Kitag

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China CDC Weekly: COVID19

Most cited references 44

A simple practice guide for dose conversion between animals and human

Revised methods for the Salmonella mutagenicity test

The comet assay for DNA damage and repair: principles, applications, and limitations.

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