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      Neuropsychiatric Outcomes in UK Military Veterans With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Vestibular Dysfunction :

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          Initial reliability and validity of the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method.

          Evaluate the psychometric properties of indices of a lifetime history of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Convenience samples recruited from 2 treatment programs for persons with substance use disorders: N = 119 (study 1) and N = 103 (study 2) Test interrater reliability (study 1) and predictive validity (Study 2). Summary indices of the number, severity, timing, and effects of lifetime TBIs calculated from data elicited via a structured interview. Interrater reliability was high. Factor analysis showed indices could be characterized by severity weighted counts of the number of injuries, both lifetime and in childhood, number of symptoms persisting, worst injury, time since last TBI with loss of consciousness, and age at first TBI with loss of consciousness. Age at injury and symptoms persisting contributed independently to the prediction of common cognitive and behavioral consequences of TBI. These results provide preliminary support for the reliability and validity of summary indices of lifetime history of TBI elicited via a structured interview.
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            Traumatic brain injury screening: preliminary findings in a US Army Brigade Combat Team.

            The objective of this article is to report the proportion of soldiers in a Brigade Combat Team (BCT) with at least 1 clinician-confirmed deployment-acquired traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to describe the nature of sequelae associated with such injuries. Members of an Army unit (n = 3973) that served in Iraq were screened for history of TBI. Those reporting an injury (n = 1292) were further evaluated regarding sequelae. Of the injuries suffered, 907 were TBIs and 385 were other types of injury. The majority of TBIs sustained were mild. Postdeployment, responses to the Warrior Administered Retrospective Casualty Assessment Tool (WARCAT) facilitated clinical interviews regarding injury history and associated somatic (ie, headache, dizziness, balance) and neuropsychiatric symptoms (ie, irritability, memory). Traumatic brain injury diagnosis was based on the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine mild TBI criteria, which requires an injury event followed by an alteration in consciousness. A total of 22.8% of soldiers in a BCT returning from Iraq had clinician-confirmed TBI. Those with TBI were significantly more likely to recall somatic and/or neuropsychiatric symptoms immediately postinjury and endorse symptoms at follow-up than were soldiers without a history of deployment-related TBI. A total of 33.4% of soldiers with TBI reported 3 or more symptoms immediately postinjury compared with 7.5% at postdeployment. For soldiers injured without TBI, rates of 3 or more symptoms postinjury and postdeployment were 2.9% and 2.3%, respectively. In those with TBI, headache and dizziness were most frequently reported postinjury, with irritability and memory problems persisting and presenting over time. Following deployment to Iraq, a clinician-confirmed TBI history was identified in 22.8% of soldiers from a BCT. Those with TBI were significantly more likely to report postinjury and postdeployment somatic and/or neuropsychiatric symptoms than those without this injury history. Overall, symptom endorsement decreased over time.
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              Symptoms, anxiety and handicap in dizzy patients: development of the vertigo symptom scale.

              Questionnaires assessing symptoms, anxiety and handicap were completed by 127 vertiginous patients. Factor analysis identified four distinct symptom clusters which formed the basis for the construction of scales quantifying the number and frequency of symptoms of: (a) vertigo (of long and short duration); (b) autonomic sensations and anxiety arousal; and (c) somatization. Scores on the vertigo severity scale were significantly related to clinical diagnosis and had near-zero correlations with measures of anxiety. Vertigo severity, autonomic signs and depressed mood each independently contributed to variance in handicap, taking precedence over the relationship between handicap and trait and state anxiety. Our findings suggest that the familiar association between anxiety and vertigo may be mediated principally by autonomic symptomatology arising as a result of somatopsychic and psychosomatic processes.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation
                Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation
                Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
                0885-9701
                2020
                2020
                : 35
                : 1
                : 57-65
                Article
                10.1097/HTR.0000000000000468
                30829817
                c52f24a0-b8f6-411e-8f69-18dc5a46cdcc
                © 2020
                History

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